摘要
美国例外主义作为一种美国文化中根深蒂固的观念，在美国社会传承了百年。这种观点通常认为美国和世界的其他国家相比是独一无二的，有无可比拟的优越性，英语论文，其他国家应该遵照美国的价值标准。自从这种理论诞生开始，各国学者从不同角度对这种文化进行探讨，主要集中在对美国例外主义基础探讨和对美国例外主义的反思。无论是哪个角度的探讨，基本都是以相关史料进行探讨。
本文以新闻媒体作为探讨的载体，来探讨美国例外主义的表现形式。用韩礼德的批评话语略论措施作为略论工具，对所选取的新闻报道进行略论，进而得到结论。本探讨对象是中美两大主流媒体（《纽约时报》和《中国日报》）对于斯诺登事件的相关报道。探讨从分类、转化、情态、消息源的角度略论，并结合相关的新闻背景和内容略论美国媒体新闻报道中隐含的美国例外主义。
本探讨发现，《纽约时报》和《中国日报》在词汇选择、语言风格和消息源的选择上存在显著的异同。纽约时报通过一些词汇的选择，时态的变化，名词化词语和被动语态的使用、消息源和不同的转述引语来表达对所报道事件的态度，一定程度上美化了美国在斯诺登事件中的形象，展现了一种美国例外主义的观点。
关键词：美国例外主义，批评话语略论，斯诺登事件
Abstract
American Exceptionalism has been a deep-rooted concept inherited for hundreds of years in American culture. It counts America as a unique country among all the countries in the world and with incomparable superiority. All the other countries should follow American value standard. Since the theory came out, scholars from all over the world have studied it through different angles, mainly focusing on the basis and rethinking of American Exceptionalism. Whatever the perspective, almost all the related studies analyzed above put most focuses on historical data.
This paper regards the news media as a carrier to study American Exceptionalism form, and use analytical tool of critical discourse analysis to analyze the text of the chosen news reports on Snowdon Event published in American and Chinese mainstream media, namely the news from The New York Times and China Daily. The research analyzes implied American Exceptionalism in U.S. media news reports from the word classification, transition, modality and news source, combined with related news background and content.
According to this study, dramatic differences exist between China Daily and The New York Times in the choice of lexical items, language style and news sources. The New York Times expresses the journalist’s attitude towards the reported incidents through the use of the choice of words, the change of tenses, the nominalization words, the passive voice, the different news sources and the forms of citation. Besides, through these ways, The New York Times beautifies the U.S. image in the Snowdon Event to some extent, showing a view of American Exceptionalism.
Key words: American Exceptionalism, Critical Discourse Analysis, Snowdon Event ，英语论文题目 |
