摘要
任何语言，都是不精确地表意工具，每一个字，词组和命题在其核心范围类具有明确无疑的意思，但是随着核心向边缘的扩展，语言会变得越来越不明确。语言的模糊性主要体现在词语和篇章上，即所谓的语义模糊和语用模糊。语义模糊是指特定的词所指的边界模糊，语用模糊是指说话人在特定语境或上下文中使用不确定的、模糊的或间接的话语向听话人同时表达数种言外行为或言外之力(illocutionary force)。法学是维护社会公正和社会秩序的最有利武器，因此历来被认为是最权威，最为完备的。毫无疑问法学语言具有逻辑上的精确严密性。但是模糊性，作为自然语言的一个重要属性，也大量存在于法学语言中。然而,由于法学应用的社会实践的复杂性，无论是立法者和司法人员还是广大公民，常常忽略了模糊词语在法学中的应用或者仅仅关注于如何去除法学语言中的模糊性，片面的追求精确性。基于以上认识，本论文试图去证明立法语言中存在着大量的模糊词语现象，英语论文，从模糊词语的语用功能去研讨这些模糊词语在立法文本中产生的影响，文章提及了模糊词语的使用所带来的积极影响，从而证明仅仅关注于如何去除法学语言中的模糊性是不对的，我们要辩证的去看待模糊词语在法学中的使用情况。因此本文作者也提及了模糊词语的使用所带来的消极影响，以及法学文本中产生模糊性的原因。最后就如何规避模糊词语的消极影响提出了几点意见。
本论文就是试图过查阅大量法学文本，主要是涉及立法语言的文本，对立法文本中的模糊词语的使用情况进行初步研讨，通过本论文的探讨，英语论文题目，最终让人们明白这样一个道理：模糊性在法学语言中是普遍存在的，并且这些模糊词语扮演着重要的角色，发挥着积极和消极的功能。我们应该辩证的略论模糊词语在法学中的应用，做到趋利避害。确切词语和模糊词语在法学中的使用是有一定要求的，恰当使用才能确保准确性和严密性，因此单方面追求语言的准确性而忽略模糊性，或从模糊词语中投机取巧都是不对的。
关键词：模糊词语，立法语言，分类，实用功能
Abstract
Any language is imprecise tool to express ideas. And every word, phrase and unequivocal proposition has definite meaning at its core, but, the meaning will become less and less clear with the expansion of the core to the edge. The vagueness of language is incarnated in many aspects, such as words, sentences, grammar, concept, however, but, mainly in words and discourses, namely, semantic vagueness and pragmatic vagueness. The former refers to the vague borderline of a certain word; the latter refers to many types of illocutionary forces which are created by the speakers using indeterminate words in a specific scene and context.
As we all know, law is the strongest weapon in a democratic society to maintain social justice and social order, and therefore it has long been regarded as the most authoritative and systematical tool to express minds. Law requires the legal language to be accuracy and completeness. However, due to the complexities of social practice, either the legislators and judicial personnel ignore the fact the vagueness is used widely in the legal language or people try to repeal the vagueness as possible as, emphasizing the accuracy.
Based on the above understanding, this paper is an attempt to study the usage of vague words in the legislative texts. The final purpose is to prove the vagueness is widely used in legislative texts and to support the fact the vague words play an important role in legislative texts from the pragmatic function. The essay tells people it is wrong to only focus on how to dispel the vagueness of legal language. Every coin has two sides; we should view the vague words in a dialectical attitude. Properly use the exact words and vague words in the law to ensure the accuracy and rigor, and thus a unilateral pursue accuracy or ignore the ambiguity of language is wrong. Therefore, the author also mentions the disadvantages of the use of vague words in the legislative language and the causes of vague words in the legal language, as well as some suggestions to evade the negative effect for the legislators.
Key words: vague word, legislative language, classifications, pragmatic function. |
