Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
With the economic prosperity, transportation has been playing an increasinglycrucial role in the world trade. Among all modes of transporting, shipping is the mostfrequently used one, since it can be more cost-effective and also carry more. As the onlyinternational working language at sea, English particularly used by sailors is preferablyreferred to as Nautical English. Nautical English is generally relating to or involvingships, shipping, navigation or seamen. More and more people have begun to realize theimportance of the role language plays in the process of globalization of shippingindustry，as most marine distress could have been avoided if English communicationskills of seafarers were improved. Therefore, English skills are gaining more emphasisunder the special circumstances, the rough sea environment.With the release of the STCW2017 Manila amendment, greater demands have beenimposed on seafarers in terms of English skills in daily use. In order to improve theinternational competitiveness of Chinese seafarers，the Ministry of Communications inChina has made specific regulations accordingly on the Examination for theCompetence Certificate，especially the Nautical English subject, which is designed totest the English ability of seafarers (Fan Lidong & Shi Jingyi，2017). Therefore, as forthe students majoring in navigation, it is crucial to master Nautical English, not only topass the Examination for the Competence Certificate, but also to lay a solid foundationfor future communication on the sea.
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1.2 Research Question
Prior to exploring the word formation patterns of nautical vocabulary, CET4 wordsneed to be discussed first. CET4, shortened from College English Test Band 4，is anation-wide English test hosted by Chinese Ministry of Education with the aim to testthe English proficiency of non-English majors in colleges and universities in anobjective and accurate manner. Compared with CET6 (College English Test Band 6)，英语论文，英语论文范文，which is regarded as higher requirement, CET4 is just the basic requirement, whichstipulates that students need to be able to recognize 4000 words and a certain number ofthe most frequently applied phrases, and more importantly, they should equipthemselves with the ability to infer the meaning of unknown words with the aid of wordformation rules.Therefore, for navigation majors, they have to learn both general English - CET4and specialized English - Nautical English. And there must be certain overlap of wordswith CET4 and NEC (Nautical English Corpus). It does not seem to be necessary todiscuss the words in NEC which have been covered by CET4 here since students havealready mastered those words stipulated in the English teaching syllabus. Moreover, thenumber of words in NEC totals up to 760,000; it is unlikely to analyze the wordformation pattern of all those words in a single thesis like this. That is why onlynon-GET4 words with high frequencies in NEC，which are above the average frequency,will be focused. Therefore, the following questions will be discussed.
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Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Nautical English
As a result it "hasfostered an interdependency and inter-coimectivity between peoples who wouldpreviously have considered the
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