CGEL以前述作品为基石,把体态区分为完成和进行两大次类。但他们也不得不承认这是一种过分简单化的观点,因为这两种体态可结合成完成进行体(But this is an o-versimplified view, as is clear as soon aswe observe that thesetwo aspectsmay combine within a single verb phrase. [eg. Ihave been reading is both perfective and progressive. ](1985:189)。在略论时体的结合形式时,他们说:We have alreadyused the word‘simple’to describe a verb phrase totally un-marked for aspect ( simple present, simple past). By exten-sion, wemay also, to avoid ambiguity, use the term‘simple’for verb phrases which are unmarked for one of the two as-pects. (Quirk et a,l 1985: 189)意思就是说,既然我们已经用‘simple’这个词来描述不带任何体态标记的动词,为避免歧义,我们也可以用‘simple’来指称不含两个体态标记的动词形式。可见,在CGEL的体系中,体态事实上也是由四个子范畴组成的。 |
