Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
干扰，或不自主的其他一种语言的双语能力和性能的作用，英语毕业论文，仍然是双语和第二语言习得（SLA）的探讨中最常用的讨论和激烈辩论的问题之一。在同一时间，这两个领域在各个领域的生产和感知干扰调查施加一定的局限性。在国内和国外该领域的SLA通常限制了其调查的第一语言（LI）转让，概念化为“使用本地语言（或其他语言）知识在一些尚不清楚的方式 - 在第二个收购（或其他）语言“（盖斯1992年Selinken）。已经很少被查处，但是，是同一水平上是相反方向的语言传输的学习者的母语语言.后期的转移和远期转移的作用，第二个（或其他）语言。黄Huaifei（2017）向后转移的调查认为，“砥认为应该就像那些远期转移具有重要意义，无论是从语言转让或语言迁移理论建设”的目标全面探讨的角度。不过，远离足够的重视已支付的探讨，英语毕业论文，无论是在历史，语言转让的定义和传统语言迁移理论的解释向后转移。
Interference, or involuntary influence of one language on the other in bilingualcompetence and performance, continues to be one of the most commonly discussed and hotlydebated issues in the study of bilingualism and second language acquisition (SLA). At thesame time, both fields impose certain limitations on the investigation of interference invarious areas of production and perception. The field of SLA both at home and abroadtypically limits its investigation to first language (LI) transfer, conceptualized as “the use ofnative language (or other language) knowledge—in some yet unclear way--in the acquisitionof a second (or additional) language” (Gass, Selinken 1992). What has rarely beeninvestigated, however, is the influence that a second (or additional) language has on thelearner's native language.Backward transfer and forward transfer are opposite-directional language transfers on thesame level. Huang Huaifei (2017) believes that “Investigations on backward transfer ought tobe considered significant just as those on forward transfer, either from the perspective ofcomprehensive studies on language transfer or in the goal of language transfer theoriesconstruction". However, far from sufficient attention has been paid to the research onbackward transfer both in the history of language transfer definition and the explanation oftraditional language transfer theories.
In China a great number of studies concerning both positive and negative LI to L2transfer in such fields as grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation have been found; whilestudies on L2 effects on the LI are far from adequate, for few documents (Xu Zhiping, 2017;Wei Rongling, 2017) are published. Some papers (Han Lihua, 2017; Jiang Men，2017; XieXuefeng, 2017) merely mention that there should be a L2 to LI transfer according to theConcept Transfer. Only few scholars up to now have provoked into the studies on backwardlanguage influence, among which most are introductive and commentary works lack ofcareful experiments as well as profound findings.It suggests that domestically with more general focus on the target language, transfer inSLA has mainly studied as the influence of LI on L2 competence and performance, and not asa bidirectional phenomenon. As a result, there remains tremendous blank in domestic SLAresearch on backward transfer.
1.2 Significance of This thesis
Represented by Vivian Cook, international scholars interested in second languageacquisition have begun to attach importance to as well as probe into the research onbilinguals' L2 effects on LI. Language learning is a dynamic process, during which eachlanguage in learners’ minds keeps developing- Such development can be either the benefit orthe attrition. Theoretically, the studies and findings presented in this thesis are expected toprovide reference concerning different language systems’ interaction for better comprehensionof the multi-language dynamic balance in learners' minds.Being an international la
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