Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Background
English teachers know very well about the great importance of vocabulary inEnglish learning. As one of the three elements of language (pronunciation, vocabularyand grammar), vocabulary plays an essential role in language acquisition. As themajor carrier of the remaining two elements，vocabulary is the basis of language skills;listening, speaking, reading，-writing and translating. It is evident that a good masteryof vocabulary is indispensable for successful communication for ESL/EFL learners,Micheal Lewis (1993) ascribes great importance to the role that vocabulary plays inlanguage learning. He emphasizes that the single most important task facing languagelearners is acquiring a sufficiently large vocabulary. To a great extent, a learner，sability to use his knowledge about English language and to communicate with othersfluently and effectively depends on how well he learns and utilizes vocabulary.英语教师非常清楚地知道词汇英语写学习的重视。词汇作为语言的三大要素（语音，词汇，语法）之一，在语言习得中起着至关重要的影响。剩下的两个要素为主要载体，词汇是语言技能的基础，英语论文，听力，口语，阅读，写作和翻译。ESL/ EFL学习者成功的沟通是必不可少的，掌握好词汇，这是显而易见的，迈克尔·刘易斯（1993）归咎于重视词汇在语言学习中发挥的影响。他强调，语言学习者所面临的一个最重要的任务是获得一个足够大的词汇。在很大程度上，学习者的能力，用他的英语知识和与他人沟通流利，有效地取决于他如何学习，并利用词汇。McCarthy (1990) claims that regardless of learner's good performance in learning thegranunar and pronunciation of the second language, communication in a second orforeign language cannot be conducted in any meaningful way without words toexpress various and specific meanings. Dellar H and Hocking D hold the similar view.In their book Innovations^ they wrote: "If you spend most of your time studyinggrammar, your English will not improve very much. You will see most improvementif you learn more words and expressions. You can say very little with grammar, butyou can say almost anything with words!" (cited in Thombury 2017:13) Thesignificant role of vocabulary indicates that it is quite necessary and vital for Englishlearners to have a nice performance in vocabulary acquisition for it is the key toforeign language learning.
然而，显而易见的是，有限的词汇量的大小妨碍大多数中国学生的英语水平。在中国的课堂上，甚至大多数学生都倾注了太多的时间来学习词汇，结果一直令人失望。他们还不会说话流畅自然的英语。有时数月甚至数年的探讨后，很多话似乎从未了解到。寻找这个状况的原因有以下几个。原因之一是，在传统的观点中，学生们认为学习英语词汇，仅仅涉及死记硬背的机械学习。如今，精益词汇中国学生是最常见的方式有很多，开展了重复背诵英语单词和他们的中国现金等价物。许多学生已经发现，这种词汇的学习是无效的，因为他们往往发现，英语毕业论文，他们仍然无法理解文字的含义，即使他们已经掌握了中国的每个字的意思。另一个原因是，掌握语法结构，在过去的几十年里，一直被视为中央学习外语。However, it is evident that the limited vocabulary size hampers most Chinesestudents' English proficiency. In the Chinese EFL classroom, even most students havedevoted much time to vocabulary learning, the results have been disappointing. Theystill cannot speak fluent and natural English. Sometimes after months or even years of study, many words seem to have never been learned. There are several reasons for thisphenomenon. One reason is that, in traditional view, students have regarded thelearning of English vocabulary as the mechanical learning that merely involves rotememorization. Nowadays, the most common way for Chinese students to leamvocabulary is to memorize English words and their Chinese equivalents with a lot oforal repetitions. Many learners have found that this kind of vocabulary learning isineffective as they have often found that they still cannot comprehend the meaning ofthe text even if they have grasped the Chinese meaning of each word. The otherreason is that in the past decades, mastery of grammatical structures have been seen ascentral to learning a foreign languag
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