文章主要讲的是OSL之间的比较和放射性碳年代测定法措施基于两个不同的由前考古学家所写的文章的范文：The Comparison between OSL and Radiocarbon Dating Methods Based on Two Different Essays Written by Former Archaeologists。文章主要从多面进行描述阐述其二者之间存在的异同，英语论文范文，英语论文题目，并进一步描述其存在的异同。
Abstract: In the discipline of archaeology, the determination of the date of archaeological deposits can be titled as the most essential and fundamental process. Many dating methods have been conducted and inspected by archaeologists for many years. Both the advantages and disadvantages were discussed, summarized and categorized by former researchers. Those dating methods are appropriate to be used in certain cases. In this , two comprehensive s, Archaeological investigations and OSL dating of terraces at Ramat Rahel, Israel and Radiocarbon Dating of Lacustrine and Marine Sediments from the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica, are analyzed. The two dating methods, OSL (Optically Stimulated Luminescence) and radiocarbon dating are mainly discussed through following dimensions. Firstly, we go through the similarities and differences of the two dating methods. Secondly, the question of what level of accuracy and precision could the two dating methods provide is going to be solved. Lastly, a brief summary of certain types of cases and circumstances that these two dating methods could be applied in is accomplished respectively.
Key words: Comparison, OSL, Radiocarbon dating
Summary of the Two Articles
In the first article mentioned above, Archaeological investigations and OSL dating of terraces at Ramat Rahel, Israel, the authors combined knowledge and methodologies in three types of disciplines, which are field survey, archaeological excavations, and direct dating field survey, to date agricultural terraces.( Uri Davidovich, 2017,193) The authors analyzed other dating methods including stratigraphy, construction techniques, artifactual evidence, radiocarbon dating and age of trees method, however, they found OSL the most advantageous under agricultural terrace background since it was actual soil that was easy to collect on terrace wall instead of artifact or charred wood fragment. (Uri Davidovich, 201,193-194) Detailed survey was conducted in the terrace filed, and actual evidences were found, technology was used completely in research and helped to make topographic map and collect data. After data were collected, researchers began OSL dating. At the end of this , the authors concluded as below “The results of the present study have demonstrated that in a defined research area, namely a slope or a terraced system, a detailed archaeological landscape investigation combined with OSL dating can be used to evaluate the chronology of terrace construction and use, as well as the formation processes of a terraced landscape.” (Uri Davidovich, 2017, 205)
In the other article, Radiocarbon Dating of Lacustrine and Marine Sediments from the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica, archaeologists precisely focused on radiocarbon dating method which was extremely exclusive considering marine environments. “Radiocarbon dating was carried out on the total organic carbon of 19 lacustrine and marine sediment samples from the Bunger Hills.” (Martin Melles 1994, 375) Data and samples were collected from four lacustrine and marine sediments and were analyzed respectively, and at the end the author concluded as “In these sediments a resolution of a few hundred years can only be reached in combination with microfaunal investigations, allowing an estimation of dilution processes between seawater and melt-water.” (Martin Melles, 1994, 377) Basically, this article mainly analyzed the different results of radiocarbon dating method under lacustrine and marine environment, specifically, the method is relatively useless and negligible using lacustrine sediments.
Comparison between OSL and Radiocarbon Dating method
There are many differences between OSL and radiocarbon dating. Firstly, they have different definitions which originated from their actual way of determine the date of archaeological deposits. As it is asserted by the author, OSL methods refer to Optically Stimulated Luminescence which is “radiometric dating methods that measure elapsed time since the last event of signal resetting by sunlight or heat.” (Uri Davidovich, 2017, 198) However, radiocarbon dating refers to this kind of dating method in archaeology, using natural radiocarbon, which “is mainly formed in Earth’s stratosphere through the interaction of neutrons produced by cosmic rays with 14-nitrogen”, to find the approximate date scale of archaeological deposits.” (Tom P. Guilderson, 2017, 362) Secondly, since these two methods should be conducted under different chemical and physical theories, they are correspondingly adequate for distinct cases. For instance, when it comes to the case of fluvial terrace, OSL is much more efficient and appropriate that radiocarbon dating. (Uri Davidovich, 2017, 192). However, radiocarbon dating is more applicable when organic sediments like trees or bones are easily to access. (Kainana S. Francisco, 2017) (Tom P. Guilderson, 2017, 362) The two methods have their own scale of efficiency, like if we use radiocarbon dating under the circumstance where natural resources are difficult to obtain, the dating work would be hard to accomplish.
Different Levels of Accuracy and Precision
Concerning the accuracy and precision of OSL and radiocarbon dating, there are following points of view given by former researchers.
OSL method is easily influenced by human behavior and sunlight exposure; evidences were stated in Davidovich’s article, if sediment is brought in by people, there is the possibility that the quartz is not exposed sufficiently to sunlight to reach full bleaching. When the bleaching is partial, some quartz grains will have a prior OSL signal, and the OSL ages measured in the lab will have a large scatter resulting in overestimation.” (Uri Davidovich, 2017, 198)
In another article The Boon and Bane of Radiocarbon Dating, the authors pointed out some inefficiency that radiocarbon method faces. The author stated “the rate of radiocarbon production is not constant, not is its partitioning among the atmosphere, terrestrial biosphere, and oceans.” (Tom P. Guilderson, 2017, 362) Besides, radiocarbon dating is more declining to be influenced by natural resources compared with OSL method, for instance it is hard to conclude a consensus chronological confirmation when there are various natural resources used in radiocarbon dating. (Tom P. Guilderson, 2017, 364)
Different Cases in Which the Two Method are More Functional
According to the different features of OSL and radiocarbon dating, they are applicable under distinct and various circumstances. OSL is more efficient under the circumstances of fluvial terrace, like fill terrace and strath terrace, coastal sand dunes, or marsh. (Bradley Ethan Blumer, 2017) (Abby (Springer) Alkire, 2017) (Davidovich, 2017, 205) (Michelle Carlene Summa. 2017).Radiocarbon dating could be adopted in the case of forests, glacier in Antarctic where is easy to find organic resources or charcoal and under such environment radiocarbon dating could be fully used. (Martin Melles, 1994, 375- 378) (Kainana S. Francisco, 2017) (Davidovich, 2017, 2914)
Citation:
Abby (Springer) Alkire. 2017. Depositional History of Thousand Acre Marsh from Geophysical and Sediment logical Analyses. University of Missouri-Rolla. ProQuest LLC.
Bradley Ethan Blumer. 2017. An Application of OSL Dating to Test the Perched-Dune Model on Coastal Dunes at Arcadia, Michigan. Michigan State University. ProQuest LLC.
Davidovich, U., Porat, N., Gadot, Y, Avni, & Lipschits, O. 2017. Archaeological investigations and OSL dating of terraces at Ramat Rahel, Israel. Journal of Field Archaeology 37, 192-208.
Kainana S. Francisco. 2017. Investigating the Growth Dynamics of Mamane( Sophora chrysophylla) on Maunakea, HawaiʻI Using Radiocarbon Dating and Classical Dendrochronology Methods. The University of Hawai’I. ProQuest LLC
Martin Melles, Sergey R.Verkulich & Wolf D. Hermichen. 1994. Radiocarbon Dating of Lacutrine and Marine Sediments from the Bunger Hills, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science 375-378, 6-3.
Michelle Carlene Summa. 2017. Geological Mapping, Alluvial Stratigraphy, and Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating of the Kanab Creek Area. Utah State University. ProQuest LLC.
Tom P. Guilderson, Paula J. Reimer& Tom A. Brown. 2017. The Boon and Bane of Radiocarbon Dating. Science 362-364, 307-5708.
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