| 本文研究的目标是剖析韩国语与格助词的意义关系和句法构造,找出韩语与格助词在汉语中是若何表达的,比较剖析韩汉两种说话的雷同点和分歧点。第一,与格的代表是助词“～(?)”,可是在韩语里“～(?),～(?),～(?)”也能够表达与格。“～(?)”是“～(?)”的代用形状,常多见于白话。“～(?)”是用于尊重的对象。“～(?)”的重要功效是处格,但“～(?)”重要用于有性命的名词,当NP成份为无性命的名词时,则用“～(?)”。是以本文都将这些与格助词全体归为“～(?)”类。第二,韩语与格助词“～(?)”类在汉语中最多见的对应语是“给”,对应情势以下：①采取“主语/给/直接宾语”的情势,用做带双宾语的动词谓语。②“～(?)”译成“主语/给/名词/动词/宾语”的情势,用做状语。③“～(?)～(?)”的汉语对应情势,依照宾语的地位分为三个类型。a.主语/动词/给/名词/宾语b.主语/动词/宾语/给/名词c.主语/把/宾语/动词/给/名词“NP/(?)”同“给/NP”绝对应时,假如表现“(?)”的意义,则“给”前面的NP为与格。韩语的“NP/(?)”同汉语的“介词/NP”绝对应,“给/NP”的情势最多,与其对应的其他介词有“对,向,跟,朝,为,于”等等。本文对这些介词表现与格时可否交换停止简略评论辩论。第三,韩语与格的情形同汉语的双宾语最为类似。双宾语句所显示的典范意义是赐与意义。但也显示其他如“获得,请求,债权,成果,使动”等意义。在评论辩论双宾语句时,“给”非常主要。这是由于即便韩语的情势雷同,译成汉语时,依据宾语地位的分歧,其意义也有所变更。汉语分歧于韩语,没有格标志,是以语序更主要。第四,韩语的与格助词与汉语的“介词/NP”绝对应。韩汉语都依据后续V(P)(动词或动词短语)的分歧品种,来表现与格或其他格。所以,本文将动词的语义类型分为赐与动词,获得动词和双向动词。在运用动词表现与格的句子中,厥后续动词多为赐与动词。因而可知动词在句子中对格的决议具有很年夜作用。 Abstract: The goal of this research is analysis of Korean dative particle relations of meaning and the syntactic structure and find out Korean lattice particle in Chinese is how to express and comparative analysis of Chinese and Korean two words identical points and bifurcation points. First, the dative is represented by the word "~ (?)", but in Korean "~ (?), ~ (?), ~ (?)" to express the dative. "~ (?)" is "~ (?)" of the alternative shape, often more common in the vernacular. "~ (?)" is used to respect the object. The important function of "~ (?)" is to place the case, but "~ (?)" is important for the life of the noun, when the NP components for the life of the noun, then use the ~ (?)". This will be classified as "all these words and ~ (?)". Second, Korean lattice particle "~ (?)" class was the most frequent in Chinese equivalents is "to", below the corresponding situation: take "subject / to / direct object" of the situation, to do with the double object verb. "~ (?)" translated into "subject / / / / / / / / / / / object" situation, used as adverbial. The Chinese counterpart of ~ (?) ~ (?) is divided into three types according to the position of the object. A. subject / Verb / to / noun / object B. subject / Verb / object / to / noun C. subject / the / object / Verb / to / noun "NP / (?)" and "to / NP" absolutely should, if "(?)" meaning, "to" in front of the NP for lattice. Korean "NP/ (?)" with Chinese "preposition /NP" absolutely should, "give /NP" the most form, its corresponding other prepositions have "right, to, with, toward, for," and so on. The exchange will stop briefly comment on these prepositions performance when the dative argument. Third, Korean situation with Chinese double object dative is most similar. The model meaning displayed by the double object sentence is given and its significance. But it also shows other meanings such as "access, request, claim, achievement, and move". When commenting on the double object sentence, "give" is very important. This is because even if the Korean situation is similar, translated into Chinese, according to the differences between the object position, its significance has changed. Chinese is different from Korean, no lattice symbol, word order is more important. Fourth, Korean and Chinese word "dative preposition /NP" should be absolute. Korean and Chinese are the basis for follow-up V (P) (verb phrase) of different kinds, to express the dative or other lattice. So, this article divides the semantic types of verbs into giving and verbs. In the application of verbs dative sentences, the following verb and verb is given. Therefore, it is known that the verb has a great influence on the resolution of the case in the sentence. 目录: |
