| 本文彩用社会说话学的研究办法比较韩语和汉语亲属称呼语泛化的差异,旨在赞助进修韩语的中国人和进修汉语的韩国人加倍准确地运用亲属称呼语泛化。在梳理了韩中两国对于称呼语的研究结果后,不难发明有关称呼语的研究许多,社会称呼语平日作为称呼语体系的一部门而停止研究,并且对于亲属称呼语泛化的研究平日包括在社会称呼语或亲属称呼语的研究中,特殊是现有的研究结果很少略论亲属称呼语泛化运用的社会缘由、文明缘由和心思缘由。别的,后人的研究结果中很少有对于韩中亲属称呼语泛化景象比较的研究。本文彩用问卷查询拜访的办法以20岁到70岁的分歧年纪段的韩国人和中国工资查询拜访对象,查询拜访他们在平常生涯中亲属称呼语泛化的运用情形,然后采取统计剖析的办法提醒两国亲属称呼语泛化的差异点,不只如斯还从社会、文明和心思三个角度找出形成韩中两国亲属称呼语分歧点的缘由。本文在经由上述研究进程后获得以下结论。起首,在分歧情境中韩中两国亲属称呼语泛化运用的差异点可以归结以下：在年夜学里,昔时级和年纪相分歧时,韩国人和中国人都更情愿对坚持有密切关系的先辈运用亲属称呼语。分歧点则是在公共场所,没有发明韩国人运用亲属称呼语称谓先辈,而即便在公共场所仍有很多中国人会运用亲属称呼语称谓先辈。昔时级和年纪纷歧致时,韩国人和中国人都不会在公共场所用亲属称呼语称谓后代,并且韩国人和中国人都更情愿在非公共场所对坚持有密切关系的后代或同窗运用亲属称呼语。分歧点则是没有韩国人选择在公共场所运用亲属称呼语称谓本身的同窗,而很多中国人选择在公共场所运用亲属称呼语称谓本身的同窗。退职场中,当职位和年纪分歧时,一切的韩国人和中国人都不会在公共场所对下属运用亲属称呼语。分歧点可以归结为两点,第一点是中国人运用的亲属称呼语普通是有别于称呼本身的亲属时运用的情势,即：变体型。第二点是很多中国人会在非公共场所中运用亲属称呼语称呼下属,而韩国人即便是在非公共场所,也不会对下属运用亲属称呼语。当职位和年纪纷歧致时,韩国人和中国人都更偏向于在非公共场所和对坚持有密切关系的部属和同事运用亲属称呼语。分歧点则是中国人在公共场所也会对部属和同事运用亲属称呼语,而韩国人不会在公共场所用亲属称呼语称谓部属和同事。在餐馆点餐时,分歧点是韩国人偏向于运用亲属称呼语称谓餐馆办事员,而中国人很少会运用亲属称呼语称谓餐馆办事员。还有韩国人称谓餐馆办事员时所运用的亲属称呼语异常多样,并依据办事员的年纪选择分歧的亲属称呼语。在问路时韩国人和中国人所运用称呼语的分歧点可以归结为三点,第一点是中国人比韩国人对路人运用的亲属称呼语的情势加倍多样化；第二点是韩国人在称谓路人时更偏向于斟酌路人的年纪,而疏忽本身的年纪。但中国在称谓路人时会综合斟酌路人的年纪和本身的年纪,再选择称呼语。第三点是分歧年纪段的中国人对一些亲属称呼语的运用频率是分歧的。以上归纳综合地总结了分歧情形中韩国人和中国人亲属称呼语运用的差异点。其次,形成韩中两国亲属称呼语运用的分歧点的社会缘由、文明缘由和心思缘由将整顿以下：第一,社会缘由重要表示为社会的成长变更对称呼语发生的作用。韩国在19世纪末受日本等外势的作用,韩语的传统称呼礼仪遭到冲击,一部门只要在亲属之间能力运用的亲属称呼语演化为社会称呼语是韩国传统称呼向古代称呼语成长进程中的一年夜变更。社会的成长变更对中国称呼语发生的作用归结为两点,其一是改造开放以后,中国人称谓生疏人的称呼语情势愈来愈多样；其二是,分歧年纪段的中国人对一些亲属称呼语的运用频率是分歧的。第二,文明缘由表示为农耕社会和孔教思惟对亲属称呼语运用的作用和韩中两国说话的特点对亲属称呼语运用的作用。韩中两国具有雷同的农耕社会汗青配景,同时都受孔教思惟的作用。韩语具有常常省略主语和第二人称的运用规模窄等特色,是以在韩国社会中亲属称呼语被借用,并且一些亲属称呼语被广规模地运用,运用时只斟酌听者的年纪,而不斟酌话者本身的年纪。第三,心思缘由重要是从语用学的角度剖析韩语的“(?)”,“(?)”,汉语的“哥”和“姐”。在运用这四个称呼语时,能给听者亲近且尊重对方的感到,同时拉近与对方的心思间隔。 Abstract: The color with the community to speak to learn research methods compared Korean and Chinese relatives call language generalization of the similarities and differences, aimed at helping to learn Korean Chinese and learn Chinese Korean double accurately applied relatives appellation generalization. In combing the South Korea and China on call research results of language, it is not difficult to invent the salutation of many studies, the social address normally used as form of address part of the language system and research, and about the names of relatives of the generalization of the language research on weekdays includes in the social address forms or relatives appellation research. In particular, the existing research results are seldom analyzed relatives call language application and generalization of the social cause and cultural reasons and psychological reasons. The other, on the Korean kinship address compared with few scene generalization results in the future. Color in this paper used questionnaire query visit way with 20 years old to 70 year old differences age of Korean and Chinese wages investigation object and query to visit them in daily life in the names of relatives and the generalization of language, then take the statistical analysis approach remind their relatives called the similarities and differences of language generalization. Not only this predicament is from the three aspects of social, cultural and psychological find formation of Korean and Chinese relatives appellation language differences of the reason. After the above discussion, this paper obtains the following conclusions. First and foremost, in the different situation between China and South Korea bilateral relatives call the similarities and differences of language application and generalization can be summed up the following: in the University, and past level and age differences, Koreans and Chinese people are more willing to adhere to is closely related to the advanced application of relative appellations. Point of disagreement is in public places, did not invent the Korean people to use kinship terms called predecessors, and even in public places, there are still a lot of Chinese people will use the relative address language appellation predecessors. Past level and age divergent when, Koreans and Chinese people will not in public places with relatives call appellation offspring and Koreans and Chinese people are more willing to in public places to adhere to is closely related to the offspring or classmate application kinship address. Point of disagreement is no Korean choice in public places application of kinship terms of the name of the students themselves, and a lot of Chinese people choose in public places application of kinship terms of the name of the students themselves. On-the-job field in, when the position and age differences, all Koreans and Chinese people will not in public places of under the application of relative appellations. Points can be divided into two points, the first point is that the Chinese people use the relative address language is usually different from the name of their relatives when the application of the situation, namely: change body. The second point is that a lot of Chinese people in non public places in the application of kinship terms to address their subordinates, and even in the Korean people are not public places, it will not apply to the subordinate. When the position and age divergent, Koreans and Chinese people are more biased in non public places and to adhere to a closely related to the subordinates and colleagues used the relatives appellation. Bifurcation point is the Chinese people in public places will be to subordinates and colleagues used the relatives appellation, and South Korea will not in public places with relatives call appellation subordinates and colleagues. In the restaurant point of food, the differences between the Korean people tend to prefer the use of kinship terms, the name of the restaurant clerk, and the Chinese people rarely use kinship terms to address the name of the restaurant clerk. There are Korean name restaurant clerk when the application of the relative term of address is unusually diverse, and according to the clerk of the age of choice of different kinship terms. The directions, China and South Korea used call language differences can be attributed to three points. The first is Chinese people than the South Korean relatives to passers-by application called language situation double diversification; the second point is South Koreans in the title of the passers-by more inclined to consider passers-by age and neglect of the age. However, China in the name of passers-by will be a comprehensive consideration of the age of passers-by and their age, and then choose to call language. The third point is that the Chinese people in different ages are different in the application frequency of the kinship term. The similarities and differences between Korean and Chinese kinship terms in different situations are summarized. Secondly, the formation of the ROK relatives call language application of bifurcation point for social reasons and cultural reasons and psychological reasons will rectify the following: first, the social reason important said symmetric vocatives effects for the growth of social changes. In South Korea at the end of the 19th century by Japan external potential influence, Korean traditional call etiquette is under the impact, the Department as long as between the relative application ability of relatives appellation evolution for social address forms is traditional Korean name to the ancient call in the growing process of language change. Growth of social change in China call language effects attributed into two points, one is after the reform and opening up, Chinese address the stranger salutation situation more and more diverse; the second is that divergence age of Chinese people for some relatives appellation of application frequency is differences. Second, the cultural reasons said as the agricultural society and the Confucian thought of relatives call, the characteristics of language application and the influence of Korean and Chinese to speak the names of relatives of language application effect. The two countries have the same farming social historical background, but also by the 目录: |
