| 地盘轨制在一国的司法轨制中居于非常主要的位置,必定包括着必定的价值取向和轨制考量。在一国公民经济成长进程中,农业组成了其它家当的基本。而农业的成长离不开地盘,特别是耕地,所以耕地轨制组成了地盘轨制的焦点。经由过程研究耕天时用、耕地掩护司法轨制,对中国与韩国耕天时用轨制停止比拟,剖析两者的重要内容,差异点,强化二者之间的自创,对于两国的耕天时用法制成长都有主要的意义。从领土面积和地形特色来看,韩国不合适成长农业,然则也正由于如斯,韩国当局历来都非常看重耕地资本的掩护,经由过程经济、司法、行政等多手腕的综合运用来进步耕地资本的治理掌握,进步耕地资本的运用效力。为懂得决生齿增长而招致食粮明显缺乏的成绩,避免农人之间产生地盘奋斗,韩国当局于1949年6月经由过程了耕地改造法,对耕地停止了从新分派。20世纪60年月后,跟着韩国工业化和城市化成长速度的加速,耕地资本被重点运用于工业用地和城市成长用地,城市化的成长也带动了周边地盘的开辟和运用,涌现了地盘投契成绩,因此韩国当局在该段时光内加年夜了司法学例的出台力度,如该阶段重要公布实行了地盘征用法、城市计划法、修建法、领土扶植综合计划法、处所工业开辟法、都会生齿避免对策、1967—1976年夜领土扶植计划、地盘让渡差益课税制等。现行韩国耕地掩护司法重要根据农地法,该法于2001年、2003年、2006年、2012年几经修改订。个中2012年修订的重要内容为：耕地租赁刻日改成了三年、修订了租赁时代切实其实认与请求署理垦植者指定轨制、修订了司法的强迫划定等弥补耕地租赁掩护划定和放宽农业会社法人的耕地一切限制、划定农业复兴地区耕地收买要求权等。韩国现行有关耕地的司法重要包含根本农地法和相干特别标准,两者配合组成了韩国现有的农地司法轨制系统。个中,根本农地法重要包含1949年制订的耕地改造法、1968年制订的对于耕地改造事业治理的特殊办法法、1972年制订的对于耕地保全及运用司法、1986年制订的耕地赁贷借治理法、1969年制订的地力促进法和耕地复兴地区、耕地转用申告、耕地转用累赘金、耕地一切下限的特例认定等有关司法学例；而特殊办法轨则重要是指1990年制订的乡村成长特殊办法法。中国作为传统的农业年夜国,耕地轨制在国度成长乃至是政治稳固上的位置是无足轻重的。考核新中国耕地轨制汗青轨迹,发明改过中国成立之初的地盘改造活动到五十年月早期的农业协作化阶段,到国民公社会阶段,再到七十年月末期直到现在,具有严重作用的家庭联产承包义务轨制等,都表现出光鲜的阶段性、变通灵巧性和连接性的特点。特别是在现今,中国当局更是竭尽全力地强调农业的基本性位置,合时地提出“三农成绩”和成长古代农业的政策。现行耕地掩护法的标准重要包含地盘治理法、城乡计划法、根本农田掩护法等,详细轨制性支配包含：地盘用处管束轨制、农地转用审批轨制、地盘开辟整顿轨制、地盘复垦轨制、根本农田掩护轨制、农地征收赔偿轨制。另外,还有耕地占领税等轨制。分歧的地盘轨制为中韩两国在地盘运用上供给了自创的能够。韩国对中国耕天时用轨制的自创的地方,笔者以为重要应包含：(1)强化地盘公有制下的国度干涉；(2)掩护地盘承租人的房钱好处；(3)自创中国的地盘税收轨制；(4)接收中国耕地私有的公道身分等等。中国对韩国耕天时用轨制的自创可以从以下几方面动身：引入耕地产权界定轨制、耕天时用允许轨制、地盘租赁轨制。韩领土天时用治理司法轨制中严厉的地盘法学、细化征收事由和赔偿权救援方面的内容,地盘征收赔偿胶葛处理机制等等,都可供中国当局研究自创。中韩两国只要在深刻剖析比拟两国之间耕地轨制的基本上,联合中国的国情,能力够更好地彼此自创,并为其所用。 Abstract: The land system has a very important position in the legal system of a country, must include value orientation and system considerations must. A citizen of a country in the economic growth process, constitute the basic property of other agricultural. While the growth of agriculture cannot do without land, especially the cultivated land, so land system is composed of the focus of land system. Through the discussion on the farming days when using, protecting arable land legal system, an important content in China and Korea Guogeng rail system with a compare and analysis of the two, similarities and differences, strengthen between the two created, as the two countries farming days when growth method have major significance. Territory area and topographic characteristics from the point of view, South Korea is not suitable for the development of agriculture, but also because of this, the South Korean authorities has always attached great importance to the cover of the land resource, through the integrated application of multi process of economic, judicial, administrative and other means to progress of land resource management control, application progress of farmland capital effect. To understand the population growth incurred the apparent lack of food, avoid between farmers produce site of struggle, South Korean authorities in June, 1949 by the land reform law, of cultivated land stopped new assigned. Population growth accelerated after the 20th century 60 years, followed by South Korean Industrialization and urban growth and farmland capital is focused on the application in industrial land and urban land, urban growth is driven by the land surrounding the development and application, the emergence of land speculation results, so South Korea when the Bureau in the period of time in the eve of the laws and regulations introduced efforts, such as the important stage of the promulgation and implementation of the land expropriation law "," urban planning law "," construction law "," territory to foster comprehensive planning law "," industrial premises development law "," will avoid the countermeasure ", 1967, 1976 of the eve of the territorial support program", the land transfer profit tax system ". The current South Korean land cover according to the "land law" judicial important, the law in 2001, 2003, 2006, 2012 revised book. The important content of the medium 2012 Amendment: cultivated land lease deadline changed to three years, revised the lease time to actually recognize and request acting cultivation were designated rail system, revised the judicial forced delineation for cultivated land lease cover delineation and relaxation of the agricultural society legal land a cut limit, to delimit the revival of agriculture areas of arable land to buy claims,. South Korea's current relevant judicial important basic farmland farmland contains special standard method and coherent, both with the composition of the Korean current land legal system system. Medium, the fundamental farmland important contained in 1949 to develop the land reform law ", set in 1968" on Farmland Transformation business governance of special measures law, 1972, the formulation of the cultivated land preservation and application of law in 1986, the formulation of the cultivated land rental by law governance ", set in 1969 laws on the promotion of fertility and cultivated land areas of regeneration, declaration of cultivated land conversion, cultivated land conversion burden gold, cultivated land all lower bounds on the special cases identified relevant laws and regulations; and special measures for rail is important is set in 1990 the rural development special measures law". Chinese as a traditional agricultural country, the cultivated land system in the country is stable on the growth and political position is of little importance. Evaluation of new China land rail of historical trajectory, invention rehabilitated at the beginning of the founding of the Chinese land reform to fifty years in the early agricultural cooperation stage, to the national public stage, to late seventies until now, with seriously affected the family contract system with remuneration linked to output duty rail system, showed bright stage, flexible dexterous and connectivity features. Especially in today, the Chinese authorities is to make every effort to emphasize the agriculture basic position, timely put forward the "three rural" and growth of ancient agriculture policy. Existing farmland protection by the standard include the "land management law", the urban and rural planning law, the basic farmland cover law etc., with rail system dominated include: land use tube rail system, agricultural land conversion approval rail system, land development rectification rail system, land reclamation rail system, basic farmland protection rail system, land expropriation and compensation system. In addition, there are land occupation tax system. The land system differences for China and South Korea in site application provides a reference to. South Korea to China farming days of the rail of own place, I think important should include: (1) strengthen the country land ownership system interference; (2) cover site lease rent of the benefit of the people; (3) created the Chinese territory of the tax system; (4) receiving the reasonable status of China's arable land is private and so on. Chinese of Han Guogeng with rail of the internally generated can be from the following several aspects start: introduce cultivated land property rights defined rail system, farming days when allow rail system, land lease rail system. Han territory day governance legal system severely. The legal reasons and right of compensation levy, detailed rescue aspects, land expropriation and compensation dispute handling mechanism and so on, are available for research China authorities created. China and South Korea as long as the profound analysis and comparison between the two countries land system basically, combined with China conditions, capable of better from each other, and for its use. 目录: |
