This thesis aims to clarify the relationship between the Bible of
Chinese, Japanese and Korean by disclosing impact relation between the Bible of Korean and that of Japanese translated in the 19th century and examine the origin and the characteristic...
This thesis aims to clarify the relationship between the Bible of
Chinese, Japanese and Korean by disclosing impact relation between the Bible of Korean and that of Japanese translated in the 19th century and examine the origin and the characteristics of the change of vocabularies in those and compare to the Bible of Chinese.
Furthermore, I examined how name and attitudinal expression in the
Bible of Korean and that of Japanese have been translated.
In the first chapter, I described the aim of the study, how to analyze and precedence research in detail.
In the second chapter, I examined history of the Bible translation in
China, Korea and Japan.
In the third chapter, I compared translation vocabulary of nouns and verbs in the Bible of Chinese “代表訳本聖書(1854)“ to the first Bible of Korean “예수셩교젼셔(1887)“ by John Ross and the Bible in Japanese “明治元訳聖書(1880)“ and examined them and in addition, I considered and analyzed how name and attitudinal expression have changed.
Consequence of the contrastive analysis is as follows: first, as a result of contrastive study of the Chinese Bible, it became clear that almost of vocabulary of nouns and verbs in the Bible in Japanese and Korean coincided with that of Chinese. Especially in Korean Bible, words had been brought from the Chinese vocabulary and read phonetically. For example, nouns translated using Chinese word like ‘主ー쥬’、‘天国ー천국’, ‘福音ー복음‘ and ‘하나님-上帝’、‘제자 -門徒’. But vocabulary of verbs freely translated like ’復活-다시닐다’、‘盗ー도적일하다’.
On the other hand, in case of the Japanese Bible, words had been
translated freely like nouns ‘聘ー聘定いいなづけ’,‘離ー離縁りえん’ for instance.
Also, they forcibly translated the word ‘漁者’ to ‘漁者（すなとりびと)’ by having Kana pronouncing.
In this way, there were many cases to contain Kana pronouncing
unnaturally as there was not appropriate church terminology in Japanese the then of the Bible translation in the flowering time. However, giving free translation to Chinese word like 「世-」「裔-」has an intention to express beauty of Yamato kotoba (classical Japanese) and that is a characteristic of Meiji era Original Translation.
In the matter of name, a clear distinction has been found between The Bible of Korean and that of Japanese.
Jesus is called with a suffix 「님（様）」in the Bible of Korean. For example, Chinese translated word 「師」translated with a suffix 「님（様）」, like 「션생님」. However, in the Bible of Japanese, Jesus iscalled 「イエス」without honorific title.
There is a characteristic in the beginning of the Bible translation in
Japanese that attitudinal expression is not used for religious word to
express linguistic reflection of hierarchy of the ancient society.
Nevertheless, in the Bible of Korean, attitudinal expressions have been used for Jesus when translating the conversation between people talking about him while it is not used when Jesus preaches to people or he has conversation with someone who offers opposition and that makes both Korean version and that of Japanese different greatly.
In the forth chapter, impact relation between the Bible of Korean and that of Japanese which translated in the 19th Century has been clarified and as a of consideration of characteristics of vocabulary in there, influence of the Bible of Chinese on both were considerable.
Especially, translation vocabulary of nouns and verbs in both of the Bible of Korean and Japanese almost matched to that of Chinese. However, the Japanese Bible made word coined by translating Chinese word freely and that makes it original.
As the first common point of Korea and Japan, missionary of
Protestantism and cooperators have translated the Bible in their language based on the Chinese version of the Bible because they were intellectual who had knowledge of Chinese character.
Secondary, when the Bible of Korean and that of Japanese had been translated, it had not been to the educated class but to common people and thus it has written in simple a literary style with colloquial language.
In conclusion, I clarified the relationship between the Bible in Chinese,Japanese and Korean with an original research method by studying the origin and characteristics of translation vocabulary in the Bible of Korean and Japanese translated in the 19th Century and compare and analyzed it to the Bible in Chinese.
本稿は19世紀に翻訳された韓日聖書翻訳を対象に各訳本の間の影響関係を明らかにし、そこに現れた翻訳語の語彙の源流と特徴を考察し、中国語訳聖書との比較考察を通して、中日韓聖書...
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