With an increase in ethnic diversity, government is planning for the promotion of multicultural policies, but only assimilation policy that assists the adaptation to the Korean society for the foreigners such as Korean education support is mainly bein...
With an increase in ethnic diversity, government is planning for the promotion of multicultural policies, but only assimilation policy that assists the adaptation to the Korean society for the foreigners such as Korean education support is mainly being implemented. However, the foreigners are talking about the necessity for the awareness improvement project first. In the awareness of the Koreans for the foreigners and the multicultural policies, it is closely related to the resource stress. Especially in 2008, an increase on the 'resource stress' which limits the access to the resource caused by the economic crisis, citizens resistance to multicultural policy which is redistributive policy, is likely to have increased.
This study conducted having awareness on issues, have examined whether the resource stress brought changes to the multicultural policy support by the citizens based on the economic crisis of 2008 and also tried to analyze the influencing factors that enable such support.
For the analysis of actual proof, the materials of the years 2003 and 2010 data from the KGSS (Korean General Social Survey) were used. For the method of analysis, measurement items that correspond to the dependent and independent variables configured through the theoretical discussion were selected. And the influence was examined by constructing the study model. First, to uncover the influence of multicultural policy by the stress from the economic crisis, based on the analysis of the difference between the data for the years 2003 and 2010, an independent sample T-test and ANOVA analysis was conducted. Second, a regression analysis was performed to identify the political ideology, the assessment of the government, national identity, attitudes toward immigrants, demographic factors and the relationship between cultural policy recognition.
The results were as follows.
In summary, first, the resource stress caused by the economic crisis has reduced the support on the multicultural policy. Second, the resource stress caused by the economic crisis has changed the relative awareness level between groups based on demographic background of age, education and income of factors. 셋Third, compared with the situation before the economic crisis, the resource stress caused by the economic crisis has changed the evaluation of political philosophy and government, ethnic factors of the national identity and threat perception of jobs for immigrants. Fourth, for the awareness on the multicultural policies, the evaluation of political philosophy and government, citizen factors within the national identity, economic contributions of immigrants and threat perception for jobs, gender, age and income have shown to have a meaningful effect. In particular, it is focused on the assessment of the government and the threat perception of the jobs of foreigners. Based on the regression analysis, the assessment on the government had a positive (/) influence before the economic crisis but after the economic crisis, it has a negative (-) influence on the support for the multicultural policies. This is likely to be related to the political orientation of the ruling government. Conservative government is reluctant to spend for the improvement of welfares and inequality. The citizens with negative views on the lack of social policy demands for more attention for the redistribution policies by the government for its improvement. By conservative government ruling since the economic crisis, the citizens unlike before, if the assessment on the government was more pessimistic, they would have given more support for the multicultural policies. And all awareness on the contribution before and after the economic crisis has an impact on the support for the multicultural policies, the awareness for threat has a meaningful influence only after the economic crisis. Based on such result, a differentiation on the direction of the multicultural policy according to the intensity of the resource stress can be made. During the normal circumstances, a policy to visualize the positive part on the inflow of different cultures and the economic contribution by the foreigners for the improvement on the awareness of the citizens are possible.
A number of previous studies have focused on studying only for the awareness status of the citizens limited only to the current year when the test was conducted in order to check the influence on the awareness of the multicultural policy caused by the resource stress. Therefore, a study having a time interval on the analysis of the influencing factors and the awareness of the incident that amplify the resource stress is needed. This study was conducted using multiple years as a range of study to find out the influence on the multicultural policy by the economic crisis due to the resource stress and have differentiated the study against the existing studies in order to contribute to the securing of the policy support of the citizens. Therefore, as this study will be used as a basic material for responding and selecting of the multicultural policy by the policy makers and the future government, based on the support of the citizens, it has policy implications that can be utilized as a milestone for successful enforcement of the multicultural policies.
|
