| “趋势构造”是古代汉语中很有特点的一种句法构造，在外语中找不出哪类词跟它完整对应。对它的性质、用法、意义的商量遭到语法律界的看重。本文在对趋势构造停止过细的语义和句法描述的基本上，对趋势构造句法结构的深层缘由从认知和语用两个方面赐与懂得释。本文的重要研究任务以下引言部门引见了趋势构造在古代汉语中的位置和研究的意义、本文的研究办法和实际基本、语料的起源。第一部门从共时层面临趋势构造作了一个扼要的回想，法语论文网站，法语论文题目，并环绕为趋势词“正名”即对趋势词词类的争辩，从语音、功效、散布、表意等方面临“趋势词”作了商量。第二部门对趋势构造从语义和句法两个方面停止了过细的描述。第三部门从全体上对趋势动词停止了认知剖析，并对古代汉语趋势词体系中的非典范趋势词“开”停止了特殊的认知剖析，同时也对“起去”缺位古代汉语趋势词体系的缘由停止了认知剖析。第四部门运用认知说话学和语用学的相干实际对趋势构造停止了剖析。论述了“间隔象似准绳”、“时光象似准绳”、“线性增量准绳”等在分歧的趋势构造中起感化的机制。第五部门对全文作出总结。 Abstract: "Trend structure" is a syntactic structure in ancient Chinese, which can not be found in a foreign language. Discussion on its nature, usage and meaning has been valued by the grammar school. The in the structural trend stop the semantics and syntax of meticulous description of basically, the syntactic structure of the structural trend deep reason from two aspects of cognitive and pragmatic gives and know how to release. The important research task of this paper is to introduce the position and the significance of the trend structure in ancient Chinese, the research methods of this article and the origin of the material. First department from synchronic layer facing structural trend made a brief recall, and surrounded by the word for the trend of "rectification of names" is the trend of parts of speech argue, from the speech, efficacy, distribute, ideographic, face "trend" to discuss. The second part of the trend of construction from two aspects of semantic and syntactic stopped meticulous description. The third sector from the whole of tendency verbs stop cognitive analysis, and trend fan words in ancient Chinese trend of word system of SARS "open" to stop the special cognitive analysis and "to" the reason of absence of ancient Chinese trend of word system to stop the cognitive analysis. In the fourth section, the theory of cognitive pragmatics and cognitive pragmatics is used to analyze the trend structure. This paper discusses the mechanism of the influence of the "interval principle", "the time like principle" and "the principle of linear increment". Fifth departments to make a summary of the full text. 目录: 摘要 3-4 Abstract 4 零 引言 7-9 0.1 本文的探讨内容 7 0.2 本文的探讨措施和理论基础 7 0.3 语料来源 7-9 壹 趋向动词探讨回顾 9-14 1.1 对“趋向动词”的共时描写 9-10 1.2 对“趋向动词”词性的解释 10-14 1.2.1 “动词”说 10-11 1.2.2 “副词”说 11-12 1.2.3 “构词成分”说 12 1.2.4 “词尾”说 12 1.2.5 “多重性”说 12-13 1.2.6 “动态助词”说 13-14 贰 趋向结构的语义功能和句法形式 14-25 2.1 趋向结构的探讨范围 14 2.2 趋向结构的语义功能 14-19 2.2.1 表示动作行为的趋向 14-16 2.2.2 表示行为动作的结果 16-18 2.2.3 表示动作行为的状态 18-19 2.3 趋向结构的句法形式 19-25 2.3.1 趋向结构的形式标志 19-21 2.3.2 单纯趋向结构和复合趋向结构的句法异同 21-24 2.3.3 趋向短语和“了”的位置 24-25 叁 趋向动词的认知探讨 25-33 3.1 对原型趋向动词的认知略论 25-27 3.2 “起去”的认知略论 27-30 3.3 “开”、“开来”和“开去”的认知略论 30-33 肆 趋向结构的认知略论 33-52 4.1 “距离象似”与“V/C1/ [±处所]/C2”中C2 不对称性 33-36 4.2 趋向补语与宾语不同位置关系的语义焦点略论 36-40 4.2.1 不定位关系趋向结构的语义焦点略论 37-38 4.2.2 定位关系趋向结构的语义焦点略论 38-40 4.3 “时间顺序象似”与“V/C1C2”带宾语的句式略论 40-52 4.3.1 “V/C1C2”带宾语的四种句式 40-41 4.3.2 “VＯC1C2”的时间象似性略论 41-46 4.3.2.1 从共时平面来看 41-43 4.3.2.2 从历时的状况来看 43-45 4.3.2.3 其它原因 45-46 4.3.3 “VC1ＯC2”的时间象似性略论 46-48 4.3.3.1 共时层面上的略论 46-47 4.3.3.2 历时层面的证据 47 4.3.3.3 其它原因 47-48 4.3.4 “VC1C2Ｏ”的时间象似性略论 48 4.3.5 “把ＯVC1C2”的时间象似性略论 48-50 4.3.6 小结 50-52 伍 总结 52-53 参考文献 53-55 致谢 55-56 探讨生在校期间探讨成果 56 |
