| 汉语和法语属于分歧的语系，使得两种说话在构造、形状和语法意义上都存在很主要的异同。法语配景留先生在初学汉语时态经常常不太懂得这两种说话之间的严重差别，是以，他们在表达汉语时态经常涌现语法次序凌乱的情形。固然汉语时态很轻易懂得，然则因为这两种说话的语系分歧、语法构造异同很年夜，是以法语配景留先生在初学汉语时态时很难将汉语时态与法语时态精确绝对应，常常将二者停止比较应用时，会遭到母语负迁徙的作用，招致他们在表达汉语的时态经常常涌现偏误。在汉语里，动词不会产生变形，动词时态的表示是经由过程在动词前后添加助词和副词如“过、正在、了”等词来表示的，法语时态包含六个语式和26个时态，变更异常庞杂，来华的年夜部门法语配景留先生都曾经是成年人，有时他们会对汉语时态停止过度推想，招致他们在运用汉语副词或助词表达汉语时态时，经常涌现漏掉或误加景象。本文重要经由过程对汉语动词和法语动词的阐述，对汉语时态和法语时态停止了比较剖析，法语论文题目，从而提出了汉语和法语时态的分歧点，法语毕业论文，在此基本之上，剖析了法语配景留先生在初学汉语时轻易发生的偏误，并针对偏误提出了响应的处理对策，旨在为法语配景留先生初学汉语时态时供给准确的控制办法，使之更轻易地控制汉语时态的运用，防止或削减偏误的发生。 Abstract: Chinese and French belong to different language families, making the two kinds of speech in the structure, shape and grammatical meaning are very different. French with King stay in the beginning of the Chinese language tense often do not know the difference between these two kinds of speech, is to, they are in the expression of Chinese tense often emerge in the case of grammatical disorder. Although Chinese tense easily understood, however as a result of the two speak the language differences, grammar structure difference is very big, is to French students studying in learning Chinese tense is difficult to the Chinese tense and French tense absolute accuracy should be, often two stop using comparative, under the influence of negative transfer of mother tongue, they incur in the expression of Chinese tense often emerge bias. In Chinese, verbs can not be deformed, the tense of the verb said is through the process of before and after the verb add words, adverbs such as ", that is," to represent the, French tense contains six words and 26 temporal, change unusually complex, China Nianye department law language to match King left Mr. was once adults, sometimes they will of Chinese tense stop excessive suppose, they incur in the application of Chinese adverbs or auxiliary expression of tense in Chinese, often appear the omission or error plus scene. This article through the elaborate process of Chinese and French verbs, of tense in Chinese and French tense stopped compared and analyzed, and puts forward the point of differences between the Chinese and French tense. On this basis, analyzes the entourage of French students studying in Chinese beginners easily happen in errors, and according to errors, put forward measures to deal with the response to French entourage left Mr. beginners of Chinese tense supply accurate control measures, to more easily control the application of tense in Chinese, prevent or reduce the errors. 目录: 中文摘要 4-5 Abstract 5-6 第一章 绪论 10-17 1.1 论文探讨意义与目的 10-12 1.1.1 论文探讨意义 10-11 1.1.2 探讨的目的 11-12 1.2 相关文献综述 12-15 1.2.1 中国探讨综述 12-14 1.2.2 外文探讨综述 14-15 1.3 探讨思路与措施 15-16 1.4 论文创新与不足 16-17 第二章 汉法两种语言的动词 17-25 2.1 汉语动词的特点 17 2.2 法语动词的分类及特点 17-22 2.2.1 法语动词的分类 17-19 2.2.2 法语动词的特点 19-22 2.3 汉语和法语动词的区别 22-25 第三章 汉语时态和法语最常用的简单时态及其对比略论 25-48 3.1 时态的定义 25 3.2 汉语时态的用法 25-31 3.2.1 汉语进行时态 25-27 3.2.2 汉语过去式 27-29 3.2.3 汉语将来时 29 3.2.4 汉语一般现代时 29-30 3.2.5 汉语的完成时态 30 3.2.6 汉语时态的组合 30-31 3.3 法语最常用的时态的用法 31-44 3.3.1 法语直陈式现在时 le présent de l’indicatif 32-35 3.3.2 法语复合过去时：le passé composé 35-38 3.3.3 未完成过去时:l’imparfait: 38-41 3.3.4 法语简单将来时 :le passé simple 41-42 3.3.5 法语最近将来时 :le futur proche 42-44 3.4 汉语时态和法语最常用时态的对比略论 44-48 3.4.1 现在进行时的区别 44 3.4.2 过去时的区别 44-46 3.4.3 将来时的区别 46-48 第四章 法语背景留学生初学汉语时态时的偏误及对策 48-55 4.1 法语背景留学生初学汉语时态时常见偏误 48-51 4.1.1 混淆偏误 48-49 4.1.2 遗漏偏误 49-50 4.1.3 错序偏误 50-51 4.1.4 误加偏误 51 4.2 针对偏误提出的对策 51-55 4.2.1 相应的教学对策 51-53 4.2.2 对学生自身的建议 53-55 结论 55-56 参考文献 56-59 作者简介 59-60 致谢 60-61 附录 61 |
