| 本文在后人研究的基本上,从多个分歧的角度商量了法国中尉的女人一书中的自在成绩。小说中的人物经由过程各类门路取得了必定的自在,但他们所取得的只是绝对的自在,是由价值调换所带来的一种自我抚慰。小我真实的自在树立在个别对其内部情况和心坎世界的懂得的基本上,其在很年夜水平上取决于个别自己对自在的懂得。现实上,“自在”二字自己的累赘愈来愈重,并且经常被误读为其它价值,然则对小说中自在的懂得在必定水平上又依附于其它概念,好比宗教崇奉、品德不雅念、社会提高和人的身份等。本文恰是从自在与这些概念的关系动身,商量小说中的人物若何所取得自在和取得的是如何的自在的成绩。起首,许多读者以为该小说是存在主义哲学的抽象图解,表现了存在主义哲学和文学的无机联合,小说的主人公经由过程自在选择终究取得了存在主义的自在,但该小说触及到的自在不只一种,对存在主义自在的懂得也不该局限在‘自在选择’和‘承当义务’等概念上,而应当从其哲学本源动身,看到自在作为价值的客观性。其次,在必定时代内,宗教承当了对世界的说明功效,因此宗教崇奉可以或许给人们带来一种平安感和永久感,从而使其取得一种宗教式的自在,但宗教崇奉在必定水平上也是熟悉的成见,其僵化的教条可以反过去限制个别的自在,使其损失本身奇特的思惟和价值不雅。维多利亚时代恰是宗教崇奉遭到质疑的时期,小说的主人公曾经开端认识到了宗教崇奉和响应的品德标准对个别自在的限制。再次,在人类退化和社会‘提高’的进程中,个别经由过程本身生计状态的改良可以取得绝对的自在,但‘提高’自己其实不等于自在,真实的自在还取决于个别对本身生计状态的懂得。最初,个别能否能取得自在在很年夜水平上取决于其能否可以或许被胜利社会化,换句话说,一小我假如不存在‘身份’成绩,他就是自在的。而胜利社会化也意味着个别性的损失,自在又从新成为寻求的对象和目的。总之,小说中的人物取得的只是绝对的自在,而他们不克不及取得相对自在的缘由在于其不克不及像庄子所主意的那样解脱一切内涵和内在的约束,做到与“万物齐一”而“逍遥游世”。 Abstract: In this paper, the study of the future generations, from a number of different perspectives to discuss the "French Lieutenant's woman," a Book of freedom. The characters in the novel have achieved a certain degree of freedom in the process of all kinds of ways, but they are only in absolute freedom, which is a kind of self comfort brought by the value exchange. The ego real freedom set in the individual to understand the internal situation and the heart of the world basically, it depends very much on their own understanding of individual freedom. In fact, "free" two word their burden is more and more serious, and often mistaken for other values, but to understand and to a certain extent dependent on other concepts at the novel, like religious beliefs, moral concepts, and improve the social status of. This article is about the relationship between freedom and the concept of the relationship, to discuss how the characters in the novel have achieved freedom and the freedom of achievement. First of all, many readers think the novel is an abstract illustration of existentialist philosophy, performance of the joint of existentialist philosophy and literature, the protagonist of the novel through the process of free choice eventually achieved the existential freedom, but the novel touches not only a comfortable, comfortable of existentialism didn't know the limitations in the "freedom of choice" and the "responsibility" concept, and should start from the philosophy origin, see freedom as the objectivity of value. Secondly, in a certain period, take on the world religion that religion may function, so bring a sense of peace and a permanent sense, so that it has a religious freedom of religion, but to a certain extent is also familiar with the stereotypes, the rigid dogma can limit the past individual freedom, so that the loss of their own unique ideas and values. The Vitoria times is questioned by the religion period, the protagonist of the novel have begun to realize the religious beliefs and moral standards of individual freedom response limit. Once again, in the process of human degradation and social progress, the individual through the process of improving their own living conditions can be achieved absolute freedom, but 'to improve themselves in fact is not equal to freedom, the real freedom also depends on the individual's own living conditions of understanding. At first, the individual can get comfortable in a very big level depends on whether it can be successful socialization, in other words, a person if not exist 'identity', he is comfortable. And the victory socialization also means that the loss of the individual, the object and purpose of freedom from the new. In a word, the characters in the novel have only the absolute freedom, but they cannot obtain relatively comfortable reason lies in its not as free all connotation and inherent constraints as Chuang-tzu idea, and "do everything in the world" and "world tour". 目录: |
