| 约翰·福尔斯是英国现代文坛最主要的作家之一。他于1969年揭橥了他的佳构法国中尉的女人。在这部著作中，福尔斯对小我本真、小我自在、小我选择和小我的自力生计等人类广泛存眷的成绩赐与了深入的思虑，所以这部著作自问世以来，遭到了世界各地读者和评论家的存眷。年夜多半评论家评论的核心集中在女主人公莎拉自己在追随自在时所展示出的奇特的性情魅力和引诱男主人公查尔斯寻觅自在时所施展的感化上。就男主人公查尔斯而言，他们年夜多将他视为一个“传统型”式的反水人物，并且对他能否终究到达本真，完成了小我自在的这一成绩，并没有给出一个明白的谜底。本文试图从存在主义的哲学实际动身，经由过程深刻剖析主人公查尔斯的不屈凡的生涯阅历，一方面来寻觅这一成绩的谜底，另外一方面来提醒蕴涵在个中的福尔斯的哲学思惟。本论文由5个部门构成：第一部门是绪论部门。作者扼要引见了存在主义哲学思惟对约翰·福尔斯创作的作用，回想了国际外对他的佳构法国中尉的女人的研究现状并解释本论文选题的启事、目标、意义和在研究这一课题时所采取的批驳实际。第二部门为“从非本真到本真”。起首，作者论述了存在主义者们对于非本真性和本真性的根本不雅点。在非本真状况中，人诱骗自我，无奇特特性，常以别人的眼力来行事和对待本身；而在本真状况中，人处于赓续的变更中。人有本身奇特的特性，法语论文题目，人赓续地剖析自我并以本身的不雅念行事。然后，作者以这一实际为基本，经由过程对主人公查尔斯和莎拉相遇(小说第2，10，16，18，20，21章)，和莎拉幽会、爱情(小说第31，46，47章)，被莎拉摈弃(小说第61章)，和未婚妻欧内斯蒂娜消除婚约(小说第50章)，损失产业继续权(小说第26章)这一系列幻化无常，跌荡放诞升沉的生涯阅历的剖析来评论辩论查尔斯的非本真性和本真性。第三部门为“存在的虚无和自我认识”。起首，法语论文，作者论述了虚无和自我认识之间的关系。依照加缪的存在主义哲学思惟，自我认识是独一一条战胜存在的虚无，走向自在的路。然后作者以这一实际为基本，重点商量了莎拉若何以本身奇特的性情来慢慢叫醒主人公查尔斯对性的豪情和对自我，对社会的熟悉，从而引诱他建立和加强自我认识。第四部门为“选择与自在”。自在是人人所具有的神圣权力。要自在，人必需做出选择。作者经由过程查尔斯的三种分歧的终局提醒了选择与自在之间的内涵接洽。在第一种终局中，查尔斯和思惟守旧的欧内斯蒂娜结了婚。他废弃了自在，屈从于社会传统。在第二种终局中，查尔斯和莎拉为了他们俩的孩子，才委曲联合在一路。他们的决议不是出Oncharles’souestfortheMean访gof娜stenCe于本身的选择，而是因为客不雅身分的作用。在第三种终局中，查尔斯掉臂莎拉的挽留，决然分开了她。他的行为来自于自我决议。值得一提的是，作者经由过程剖析莎拉寻觅自在的阅历，发明这类阅历是一个轮回进程。这类轮回进程暗示查尔斯也将阅历另外一次乃至更屡次的进程能力取得自在。这类奇特新鲜的构造支配蕴涵着福尔斯的哲学思惟人生的价值存在于赓续的寻求自在和真谛中。 第五部门是本文的结论。经由过程回想查尔斯寻求本真和自在的漫长、曲折的生涯过程，作者发明他的阅历中蕴涵着作者福尔斯的哲学思惟面临生涯中的困苦，一个具有自我认识的人不该失望，而应象加缪神话中的西西弗斯那样去行为。症结词非本真本真存在的虚无自我认识选择自在 Abstract: John Fowles is one of the most important writers in modern English literature. In 1969 he published his masterpiece "the French Lieutenant's woman". In this work, Fowles to the ego, ego, ego, ego and the ego's independent livelihood and so on the achievement of mankind's extensive concern, so this work since its inception, has been the attention of readers and critics around the world. Most critics comment on the core focus on the heroine Sarah himself in the freedom to follow the show of the peculiar nature of the charm and lure male hero Charles looking at the role of freedom. Is male protagonist Charles, they will he regarded a "conventional" defection, and about whether he could eventually reach true, complete freedom of person of this achievement, and did not give a clear answer. This article attempts to start from the philosophy of existentialism, through the process of deep analysis of the hero Charles's not to bend where the career experience, on the one hand to find the answer to this problem, on the other hand to remind the implication in the philosophy of Fowles. This paper consists of 5 parts: the first part is the introduction section. The author briefly introduced the existentialist philosophy thoughts on the creation of John Fowles influence, I recall at home and abroad on his good structure research status of the French Lieutenant's woman and explain the topic of this thesis notices, the goal, the significance and the adopted in this research are refuted the actual. The second sector is "from the original to the truth". First of all, the author discusses the existentialist about non authenticity and the authenticity of the fundamental point of view. In real situations. Wile self, no peculiar characteristics, often in other people's eye to act and treat itself; and in the real situation, changes in ceaseless. People have their own peculiar characteristics, people continued to self analysis and with their own ideas. Then, the author to the theories, through the process of the protagonist Sarah and Charles met (novel 2, 10, 16, 18, 20, Chapter 21), and Sarah tryst, love (novel 31, 46, 47 chapter), is Sarah rejected (novel chapter 61), and unmarried wife, Tina Ernest eliminate engagement (novel chapter 50), the industry losses continue to right (novel Chapter 26) a series of illusion and impermanence, diedang Fangdan rise heavy career experience analysis to comment debate Charles non authenticity and the authenticity. The third sector is the existence of nothingness and self understanding". First of all, the author discusses the relationship between nothingness and self understanding. According to Camus's philosophy of existentialism, self understanding is the only one one way to overcome the existence of nothingness, to ease the road. And then the author in this practice as the basic, focusing on the Sarah if why their own peculiar temperament to slowly wake up the feelings of To Charles and his own feelings of self, to the community, so as to lure him to establish and strengthen self understanding. The fourth sector is "choice and freedom". Freedom is the sacred power that everyone has. To be at home, one must make a choice. The author, through the process of Charles's three differences of the final reminder of the meaning of the choice between the contact. In the first kind of end, Charles and the old idea of O Nesti Aa married. He abandoned his freedom and yielded to the social tradition. In the second final, Charles and Sarah to their child, barely together. Their decision is not out of the souestfortheMean 'GOF Oncharles Na stenCe in their choice, but because of the impact of the customer's identity. In the third final, Charles dropped Sarah's arm to retain, picked up her. His behavior comes from self - resolution. It is worth mentioning that the author through the process of analyzing Sarah looking for freedom of experience, the invention of this kind of experience is a process of reincarnation. This kind of reincarnation process suggests that Charles will experience another and more often the process ability to get comfortable. This kind of novel and unique structure control contains Fowles's philosophical thoughts of life value to continuously seek freedom and truth. The fifth section is the conclusion of this paper. By reflecting on the Charles to seek truth and freedom of the long and tortuous process of career, the author invented his experience implies the author John Fowles's philosophical thoughts facing the hardships of life, a people with self understanding shouldn't be disappointed. But should do is to behavior like Camus myth in the west of the Firth. The crux of the word is not true and true existence of the nothingness of self understanding choice 目录: |
