The role of Enterprise Resource Planning[法语论文]

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Abstract:Confronting the arrival of the information age, standing on furious tides of a high speed development, we seize the information technology as the most important arms to gain us a leading position in the information war. Every enterprise is the economical organization which pursues for interests and benefits normally. Especially, once one organization owns a big structure, its information management would become necessary for the need of development in the information era. In fact, the outcome of one enterprise information management has already been regarded as the key factor to adjust whether or not the undertaking could grow faster and more efficiently than ever. Regarded as the advanced methodology which is complied with a modern management philosophy in the comparative environment, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is considered as the most powerful weapon which can help an enterprise to accomplish the revolution of its development.

Another of those buzzwords that everyone talks of but no one seems to know much about. ERP    (Enterprise Resource Planning) is not just about planning your resources more about how the various divisions in your Enterprise function. An ERP solution aims to provide single software which will integrate all the divisions in your organization planning, manufacturing, sales, marketing, finance, HR and yet fulfill each division information and planning needs.  (Appssolutions, 2005)
                            
The research mainly answers questions on what ERP is, why it can be important in the sociality nowadays, what kind of position it takes in the enterprise; moreover, which role ERP plays?

Key words: MRPII、ERP、Case Study

What is ERP?

There are various explanations from different people on ERP. Regardless the traditional angle of the functional management, it would reach a common agreement on the perspective of management characters of the Knowledge Economy Era. ERP is the initials of Enterprise Resource Planning. Confronting with the supply chain, It is the tool of management which can utilize information technologies in order to apply for features of the modern information economy era—Clients, Competition and Change; moreover, it can integrate all resources within and outside enterprises. ERP has remarkable features of this information age and re-defines the business processes of the undertaking. In the economic times it uses the new concept of Process to take the place of the bureaucracy management model in the old economic era, in order that it creates the management idea which put customers and staff on the core position.

Thanks for the information technologies; the big amount of enterprises’ data can be shared. Using information to replace the stock, it decreases warehouse’s cost and risk; moreover, by means of computer, these basic data could be searched and analyzed so as to improve the speed and accuracy of decisions. It embodies the idea that can predict and plan in advance, control during the process, and calculate & analyze afterwards. In the knowledge economy times, ERP system emphasizes its Open Resources characters mostly. Therefore, it could increase the employment effectiveness of Human Resources and Time Resources, solve the problem of information overflow, and improve the precision of the decision-making.

An ERP system basic includes:
• Supply chain management
• Customer relations management
• Supplier relate the management
• Product production cycle management
• Commercial intelligence
• Financial control
• Human resources management
• Profession solution
• Motion commerce
• And so on.  ( Scott Hamilton,2003,p97)                            


ERP has been created from the concept developed by Gartner Group which described manufacture business system and material requirement planning (MRP II) ( San Jin,2005 ). It will include client/sever structure, using graphic user interface and applying for opening system design. Besides the standard function set up already, it covers other characters: such as quality, process operation management, and reports adjustment, etc.. Especially, the basic technology adopted by ERP provides users independence both in software and hardware which could be upgraded more easily than ever (Stedman, C. 2005,p54 p55). The key factor of ERP is that it could tailor to all customers’ requirements and boast for its easy usage. 
There are four standard functions of ERP carried by Gartner Group: ( Khalid Sheikh, 2003,p80 )
1. The Strong Integration function which exceeds to the range of MRP II.
It contains the quality control, the laboratory management, the process management, the formulation management, the product data management, the maintenance management, the control report and the stock management.
2. Supporting Hybrid Manufacture Environment & Configuration
It includes either discrete or continuous process making environment, ability to combine service procedures according to the objected-oriented service models and to apply them internationally (Asokan Anandarajan, Cadambi A Srinivasan, Murugan Anandarajan, 2004,p143).
3. Supporting motivated monitoring ability and improving business performance
It covers the adaptation of the controlling and engineering methods, simulation function, decision-making support and graphic ability of production and analysis.
4. Supporting opening C/S computing environment
It embraces c/s architecture, Graphic User Interface (GUI), Computer-Aided Design Engineering (CASE); object-oriented techniques; SQL querying to relational database; internal integration engineering system, business system, electronic data interchange (EDI). ( Wu Hong,2002,p23-33 )

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