| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 恐惧主义喧哗的21世纪，从各平易近族汗青的深处挖掘恐惧主义的身分，研讨恐惧主义成长的分歧形状特别需要。近代俄国深具反动恐惧与专制恐惧的传统，学术界对这一传统的泉源一涅恰耶夫景象的熟悉不合甚多。且因诸多政治身分，东方及俄国史学界的相干研究亦多局限。本文根本不雅点：涅恰耶夫是近代俄国反动活动史上有名而又充斥悬疑的人物。他真正运动于俄国反动汗青舞台上的时光很长久，其之所以惹起惊动，重要在于谋划实行了谋杀先生小组“国民惩办会”成员伊万诺夫的“反动行为”，并撰写了大名鼎鼎的《反动者手册》。涅恰耶夫主义中非品德、“目的证实手腕公道”的反动准绳和专制独裁、任意妄为的组织形式，包含了俄国恐惧主义的根本准绳和办法。恰是这些思惟与手腕，使俄国反动活动中的恐惧主义流派成长强大，终究由厥后继者平易近意党人掀起了汗青上第一次年夜范围恐惧运动热潮。它不只是反动恐惧主义的思惟泉源，更是俄国专制恐惧的精力之父。涅恰耶夫景象并不是反动活动中的特例，而是一种传统。其本质是反动政治中的极权型人格，以暴易暴的传统使俄国近代在反动恐惧与专制恐惧之间恶性轮回。本论文共分为四个部门：第一部门，涅恰耶夫一作为俄国束缚活动中的一个景象。经由过程论述涅恰耶夫的生长过程及其在反动活动中的运动，复原了涅恰耶夫这一汗青人物的真实抽象。第二部门，涅恰耶夫诉讼案件。研究了与涅恰耶夫有关的三次诉讼案件，展示其时当局与社会对涅恰耶夫的立场和涅恰耶夫对同时期人的作用。第三部门，涅恰耶夫主义一俄国恐惧主义思惟泉源之一。这一部门是本文研究的重点。经由过程回想史学界对涅恰耶夫景象的分歧熟悉，剖析涅恰耶夫主义的内在，并纵向勾画俄国恐惧主义的汗青，俄语论文题目，比较反应出涅恰耶夫对19世纪下半叶俄国反动的作用。以为涅恰耶夫主义为俄国恐惧主义供给了根本准绳和办法，是反动恐惧与专制恐惧传统的思惟泉源之一。第四部门，结语：争辩的成绩一评价涅恰耶夫及俄国恐惧主义。经由过程以上阐述，以为涅恰耶夫景象的本质是反动政治中的极权型人格，俄语论文网站，并发明了专制独裁的政治组织形式。俄国恐惧主义在反动与专制两种政治形状下施展着辩证的汗青感化。本文立异的地方：起首，在国际第一次体系而详实地论述了俄国反动活动中惊动一时的人物涅恰耶夫，并赐与其较为客不雅的汗青评价；其次在于透过研究这一人物的思惟、运动及其对俄国汗青的作用，澄清了俄国半个世纪里独有的社会景象一恐惧主义的成长头绪。 Abstract: The hubbub of the twenty-first Century terror, terror from the deep mining of the ethnic history and identity, different shapes of the special needs of growing terror. Modern Russian deep tradition of reactionary fear and authoritarian fear, the academic circles to the traditional source of a Nieqiayefu scene familiar with incompatible in abundance. And because many political factors, the relevant research of Oriental and Russian Historiography circles also limited. The fundamental point of view: Nechayev is the reactionary activities of modern Russia in the history of the famous and full of suspense characters. He real motion in the Russian revolution history stage time is very long, the reason caused a sensation. The most important thing is planned implementation of the murder of Mr. group "national punishment" of member Igor Ivanov "reactionary behavior", and wrote the famous "reactionary manual." Nechayev doctrine of morality, confirmed reasonable wrist "reactionary principles and autocratic, reckless of the organization form, contains Russian terrorism the fundamental principles and methods. Is exactly these thoughts and the wrist, the Russian reactionary activities in schools of terrorism to grow strong, eventually by Jue successor plain near the meaning party set off the history the first large-scale campaign of fear boom. It is not only the reactionary doctrine thought of fear is fear of the fountain, the father of Russian dictatorial energy. Nechayev is not a special scene of reactionary activities, but a traditional. Its essence is the reactionary political totalitarian type personality, violence and the tradition of modern Russian reactionary fear and authoritarian fear vicious circle. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part, Nechayev as a Russian bound in sight. Through the process of the discussion of Nechayev's growth and its movement in the reactionary activities, Nechayev restored this historical figure's true abstract. The second department, Nechayev case. Study three cases associated with Nechayev, when authorities and social influence and show the position to Nechayev and Nechayev for the same period. The third sector, the Nechayev doctrine of a Russian ideology source of fear. This sector is the focus of this study. By reflecting on the differences of Nechayev scene in the historiography circle familiar, Nechayev doctrine of internal analysis, and longitudinal draw the outline of Russian terrorism history, reflect Nechayev of second half of the 19th century Russian reactionary influence. Nechayev's thought provides the basic principles and method for Russian terrorism is one of the ideological source of fear and fear of the reactionary authoritarian tradition. The fourth sector, the performance evaluation of Nechayev and argue a Russian terrorist. Through the process described above, the essence of Nechayev thought is the scene in the totalitarian reactionary political personality, and the invention of authoritarian political organization. Russian terrorism display dialectical history role in the reactionary and autocratic two political shape. Place of innovation of this paper: first and foremost, in international first system and detailed discusses the Russian reactionary activities in disturb a temporary character Nechayev, and grant and more objectively the history evaluation; the second is through the character of research thought, movement and its influence on Russian history, to clarify the growth clue of half a century in Russian unique to the social scene of a terrorist. 目录: |
