| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 16世纪之前的俄国事一个欧洲国度。以16世纪驯服喀山汗国为标记，沙皇俄国开端向东扩大，其权势规模逐步与中国传统权势规模有了穿插。因此在中、俄两国之间发生了规定界限和治理界限的成绩。其时，生涯在额尔古纳河以西的布里亚特蒙前人和河东的达斡尔人、鄂伦春人、赫愚人等多数平易近族被统称为“索伦部”。这些多数平易近族与中国汗青上的华夏各王朝有着慎密接洽。当俄国人离开这一地域，中俄之间就弗成防止的发生划界成绩，而规定界限的主要根据是处于两国权势穿插地带的平易近族、族群的传统政治归属感。同时，俄语专业论文，俄语论文，因为中、俄两年夜国政治权势规模的穿插，也使得这些族群面对国际法意义上的平易近族归属决定。在中俄划界争辩中，俄国强调这些部族的选择是自我选择，而中方则强调这些部族的传统归属。中、俄两边就根忒木尔等逃人的交涉简直贯串全部晚期中俄交涉的全体汗青，而载于史籍的第一个逃人就是根忒木尔，环绕他睁开的交涉最多、连续时光最长，汗青作用最广。根忒木尔出逃俄国的缘由既有俄国方面劝诱的身分，也有清廷处置平易近族关系欠妥的缘由，而同时也有根忒木尔自己部落及其所辖部落历久所处的天然情况和平易近族生涯措施的缘由。而根忒木尔自己回归故乡的欲望决议了他终究接收俄国开出的前提，反水了清当局。他的出逃招致了归他管辖的族人及其部落的接踵出逃，对清代保护传统权势规模和争夺划界权益发生了负面作用，而对俄国争夺划界优势构成了有益局势。是以根忒木尔成绩惹起了中、俄两国高度看重。直到1689年中俄《尼布楚合同》签署，因为两国曾经就划界杀青让步，根忒木尔成绩才告一段落。不外也正因如斯，逃人成绩在全部中、俄关系史中一向遭到两国当局的高度看重。在中、俄签署的主要合同中简直都有对于逃人成绩的专门条目，这也能够说是根忒木尔事宜带来的主要作用。略论根忒木尔事宜和中、俄两国逃人成绩发生的缘由、汗青配景、文明配景、平易近族配景，对我们研究清代边境的构成、平易近族政策的制订有着启示和自创意义。边境的稳固起源于中心当局对边境的有用统治，在中俄逃人成绩发生后，清代当局从新审阅了本身的边境政策，显著增强了在西南地域的边防扶植。这对我们将来研究边境政策也有着积极的自创意义。 Abstract: Prior to sixteenth Century, Russia is a European country. In the 16th century to tame the Kazan Khanate marked, tsarist Russia began to expand eastward, the size of its power gradually with the scale of the Chinese traditional power with interspersed. So between China and Russia have set limits and boundaries of governance performance. Meantime, career in the Argun River to the west of the Buryat Mongolian predecessors and east of the Daur people, Oroqen, Hector fools etc. most peoples are collectively referred to as "Suo Lun". Most of these people and the history of the Chinese China Dynasty with close connection. When the Russians left the region, between China and Russia will not be occurred to prevent the delimitation of achievement and the provisions, mainly according to the limits of the traditional political power is in the two areas belonging with nationality and ethnic sense. At the same time, because China and Russia two countries with political power scale, but also makes these ethnic people face the sense of international law in ethnic ascription. China and Russia in the delimitation issue, Russia emphasizes these tribes is the choice of self selection, while Chinese emphasizes these tribes traditional attribution. China and Russia both sides on root te Timur and escape the negotiation almost perforative all advanced negotiation between China and Russia all history, while the carrier Yu Shiji first escape people is the root of te Timur, surrounded by his open negotiations most, for the longest time, historical influence far and wide. Root te Timur fled Russia reason Russia to persuade the identity, the Qing government disposal plain near family relationship is undeserved cause, while at the same time also has root te Timur his tribe and under the jurisdiction of the tribe to long-term natural and plain near family life of reason. But the root, their desire to return home Moore decided he eventually receiving out of the Russian anti Qing authorities premise. His escape caused him under the jurisdiction of the peoples and tribes progressively and fled. In the Qing Dynasty protection scale of traditional power and compete for the delimitation of rights and interests of the negative effects, and on Russia for delimitation advantages constitute the beneficial situation. Is the root, Moore problems in Russia, highly valued. Until 1689 Sino Russian Nerchinsk contract "signed, because between the two countries have the delimitation of the fixing concessions, root intuit the Nemours achievements to accuse a paragraph. But also because of this, people in all grades fled Russia, in the history of relations between two countries has always been highly valued by the authorities. In the main contract signed by China and Russia almost all escape performance specialized entries on a, this also can say are a major influence on the root te Timur matters brought. Achievements of reason, historical background, cultural background, plain near family background analysis of root te Timur matters and Russia and China escaped, for us to study the Qing Dynasty border, ethnic policy formulation has the enlightenment and use for reference. The border of the firm originated in the center of the border authorities useful rule, China and Russia in the escape performance after the Qing Dynasty authorities from the new review their border policy significantly enhanced in the southwest frontier construction. In the future study of the border policy also has a positive significance. 目录: |
