摘要:(摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制,下载原文正常,内容请直接查看目录。) 傅斯年是中国近古代思惟文明史上主要的汗青人物,改革中国,是其一向的理念与思惟偏向。他不只具有近代以来改进派的根本特点,同时又具有光鲜的时期特点一平易近主与迷信的主题。纵不雅傅斯年改革思惟与理论的轨迹,可以在以下几个阶段获得清楚熟悉:北京年夜学肄业时代,傅氏深受新文明活动的作用,改革思惟初步构成,这个时代傅氏的改革还仅仅是对中国社会的不满和鞭挞阶段;留学英德时代,俄语毕业论文,东方社会先辈的物资文明、政治文明和蓬勃的科技文明深深地安慰了傅氏,他迫不及待地进修文明常识及各类思惟主意,尽力使本身成为“年夜百科常识全书”式的人物,俄语专业论文,以便用东方文明来改革愚蠢落伍的中国社会。在科技方面他信仰东方的迷信主义,在社会政治方面,信仰自在主义和社会主义的联合,即其所说的:自在社会主义,最主要的思惟变更是接收了德国的平易近族主义思惟。平易近族主义是傅氏改革中国的原动力,一切思惟都是环绕这个焦点睁开;留学归国至其病逝是其改进思惟的理论时代,这一阶段他的凸起特色是,在公民参政会激烈鞭挞权要腐烂的行为。傅斯年依托日趋腐烂的公民当局去理论本身的改革主意,频仍地活泼在政教两界,他不肯深刻宦海,以自在主义潇洒身份,对公民当局停止鼓动、谏讽很难见效,没法完成改革政治的幻想。在傅斯年改革思惟的构成进程中,他在肄业时代对于各类社会思潮和主意采用了兼收并蓄的立场,既有东方的平易近主迷信,也有俄国反动的影子,还有外乡传统文明和近代以来的反动思潮的作用。新文明活动是其改进思惟萌芽的催生剂,俄国十月反动是其改革思惟的样本,留学收成的常识进一步丰硕了其改革思惟。 Abstract: Fu Sinian is an important historical figure in the history of Chinese ancient thought and civilization, and reform China, which is the idea and the thinking tendency. He not only has modern improvement since sent the fundamental characteristics, but also has the bright time characteristic a plain near the main subjects with superstition. Longitudinal trajectory of indecent Fu reform thought and theory, in the following stages clearly familiar with: Beijing University study period, Fourier by the influence of new culture movement, reform ideas initially formed, this time Fourier reform is only on Chinese society is not full and castigate stage; study the era of Yingde, Oriental society advanced material civilization, political civilization and the flourishing civilization of science and technology deeply comforted Fourier, he eagerly learning cultural knowledge and all sorts of ideological idea, try to make itself become the characters "of the eve of the encyclopedic knowledge of the book", to Oriental civilization to reform the stupid behind the Chinese society. In science and technology, he believes in Eastern superstition, in the social and political aspects, the belief in liberalism and socialism, that is what they say: freedom of socialism, the main idea of change is to accept the German nationalist thinking. Folk nationalism is Fourier and Reform in China, the driving force, all thoughts are around the focus of open; returned to the illness is improving ideological and theoretical era, this stage his prominent features, the citizen participation will be intense lash right to decay behavior. Fu relying on the increasingly decay of the civic authorities to reform idea, frequently active in the politics of the two circles, he refused to profound officialdom, with comfortable doctrine of natural identity, to the civil authorities to stop agitation, satire and remonstrance is difficult to bear fruit, can not complete the illusion of political reform. In the process of Fu Sinian's reform thought constitute, he in the study period on various trends of social thought and the idea of the eclectic stance, of both the east of democracy and science, the shadow of the Russian Revolution, and since the indigenous traditional civilization and modern reactionary trend of thought of the ring. New civilization activity is the birth of its ideas to improve the birth of ideas, the Russian Revolution in October is a sample of its reform ideas, the study of the harvest of common sense to further the reform of its thinking. 目录: 摘要 4-5 ABSTRACT 5-6 绪论 9-15 (一) 本选题的探讨意义 9-10 (二) 探讨状况及回顾 10-13 (三) 探讨内容和措施 13 (四) 创新之处 13-15 一、 傅斯年改造思想的逐步形成 15-31 (一) 傅斯年改造思想产生的时代背景 16-18 (二) 新文化运动的启蒙 18-20 (三) 傅斯年改造思想的初步形成 20-23 1 《新潮》时期改造思想之发轫 20-22 2 五四时期改造思想之酝酿 22-23 (四) 傅斯年改造思想最终形成 23-31 1 带着问题,寻求改造道路 23-24 2 留学英国,沐浴欧风 24-28 3 辗转德国改造思想最终形成 28-31 二、 傅斯年改造思想的重要组成部分 31-55 (一) 传统“士大夫”思想 31-37 1 不折不扣的谏议大夫形象 32-33 2 忠、孝、节、义的原则 33-37 (二) 民族主义思想 37-39 (三) 自由社会主义思想 39-48 1 同鲁迅一起“呐喊”批判独裁专制 39-40 2 吸收李大钊社会主义的理想 40-48 (四) 科学主义思想 48-55 1 师承胡适改良道路 49-50 2 西方近代学科的作用 50-52 3 中西医之争 52-55 三、 傅斯年改良思想的实践 55-73 (一) 以科学主义改造学术 55-60 1 变帝王“家史”为“科学史学” 55-56 2 以学术机构探讨改造“家学”探讨的状况 56-58 3 以西方科学精神扩张学术,坚持学术自由 58-60 (二) 以民族主义提高民族凝聚力,捍卫祖国利益 60-65 1 不自强,必被辱 60-62 2 维护民族团结,中华民族是一个 62-64 3 在国际上追求民族平等 64-65 (三) 以自由社会主义改造中国的政治 65-68 1 以自由主义改造中国的官制 65-67 2 以“社会主义”改善民生 67-68 (四) 自由主义和国家主义思想的交融 68-73 结语 73-75 (一) 改造思想的时代价值 73-74 (二) 改造思想的历史局限 74-75 参考文献 75-80 |