| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，俄语论文范文，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 湿地、丛林与陆地被称为地球三年夜生态体系,湿地是天然生态体系中生物多样最多,也是对人类最主要的生境。湿地可以或许为人类带来伟大的资本,对资本情况、经济社会具有严重意义。它具有调理气象、蓄洪抗旱的功效,同时具有污染水源的感化。有年夜量的动植物依附于湿地,它们依附湿地繁衍和延续种群,湿地被成为：“自然物种基因库”。因为其对地球具有严重意义,也被相干学者成为“地球之肾”。湿地的感化不只仅局限于天然景不雅,同时其对美学、教导、文明和精力方面都有主要意义。湿地感化之严重,意义之久远,各个范畴的科研学者的存眷重点也逐步转向湿地研究。今朝,湿地曾经成为科研学者所存眷的主要范畴。本文重要以乌苏里江流域中俄跨地步区为研究区域。对研究区内的1989年、2000年和2017年三期遥感图象停止预处置,采取基于面向对象技巧对遥感图象停止解译,获得研究区内湿地分类成果。以GIS为研究平台,采取定量剖析办法、统计剖析办法、比较剖析办法等办法对分类成果停止剖析,得出研究区内湿地震态变更特点。本研究从天然和人文两个方面临研究区内湿地震态变更驱动力停止剖析。本文获得的重要结论以下：1、在运用基于面向对象技巧的影象剖析办法时,经由重复实验肯定了最优朋分参数,个中,Landsat影象的朋分标准为10,标准因子和紧凑度分离为0.2和0.3。基于面向对象技巧的影象剖析办法可以或许精确地完成湿地信息的提取与分类。从分类成果看,基于对象图象分类办法胜利防止了‘椒盐景象”。在规矩集树立的基本上运用附属函数法对研究区湿地分类,获得较高的分类精度,湿地类型的kappa指数均在80%以上。2、乌苏里江流域中俄跨地步区湿地类型包含草本池沼、灌木池沼、丛林池沼、河道、湖泊、水田、水库/坑塘和运河/沟渠八类。湿地与非湿地间转化显著,其重要产生在我国境内的挠力河道域和穆棱河道域和俄罗斯境内的霍尔河道域。从1989年到2017年间,水田是乌苏里江流域中俄跨地步区面积增长最年夜的,而草本湿地则是此段时光内面积削减最年夜的。而变更重要产生在我国境内的挠力河道域和穆棱河道域和俄罗斯境内的霍尔河道域。3、中国境内的湿地变更比拟激烈,而俄罗斯境内的湿地变更比拟紧张。个中,中国境内的非湿地向湿地转化比湿地向非湿地转化更加激烈；而俄罗斯境内的则相反,其湿地向非湿地转化更加激烈。中国境内与俄罗斯境内三品种型之间转化量有很年夜异同,重要转化措施也分歧,中国境内产生的重要转化措施长短湿地向人工湿地的转化,和自然湿地转化为人工湿地和非湿地；而俄罗斯境内重要产生的转化措施为自然湿地和非湿地之间的转化。两国境内的分歧湿地类型的总面积差别较年夜。4、综合湿地变更天然驱动力和人文驱动力的剖析,从长时光标准来看,天然身分和人文身分都对湿地类型的变更有必定的驱举措用。然则从短时光标准来看,人文身分无疑是湿地变更的重要驱动身分。分歧区域其重要作用身分分歧,其重要驱动力也有必定的异同。比拟较而言,乌苏里江流域跨地步区中国境内湿地的变更重要是水田的增长和草本湿地的削减,其重要的驱动身分为人文驱动身分。乌苏里江流域跨地步区俄罗斯境内湿地的变更重要是自然湿地间转化,其人文身分作用较天然身分作用较小。 Abstract: Wetlands, forests and land are known as the three major ecosystems of the earth, the wetland is the most biologically diverse natural ecosystem, but also the most important habitat for mankind. Wetlands can bring great capital for human beings, and it is of great significance to the capital situation and economic society. It can regulate the weather, flood drought effect, with water pollution influence. There are a large number of plants and animals attached to the wetlands, which are dependent on the wetland and the continuation of the population, wetlands have become: "the gene pool of natural species". Because it is of great significance to the earth, it is also the relevant scholars to become the "kidney of the earth" ". The role of wetlands is not only limited to the natural landscape, while its aesthetic, education, culture and energy have a major significance. The serious impact of wetlands, the long meaning of the various areas of the focus of attention of research scholars have gradually shifted to wetland research. At present, wetlands have become the main areas of attention of research scholars. This paper takes the Ussuri River cross point area as the study area between China and russia. In the study area of 1989, 2000 and 2017 three remote sensing image pretreatment, to take the remote sensing image based on the object oriented techniques to stop the interpretation, get the results of wetland classification research area. With GIS as the research platform, take the quantitative analysis method, statistical analysis method, comparative analysis method and other methods to analyze the results of classification, the study concluded that the change characteristics of wetland in the study area. This study from the natural and cultural aspects of the two aspects of the study area of wetland changes in the driving force to change the driving force analysis. Below the important conclusion obtained in this paper: 1, in the application of object-oriented technology of image analysis approach based on, through repeated experiments affirmed the best friends parameters, medium, Landsat images of the four points of the standard 10, standard factor and compact degree of separation for 0.2 and 0.3. The method of image analysis based on the object oriented technique may be able to complete the extraction and classification of wetland information accurately. From the classification results, the object image classification method based on the victory to prevent the "salt and pepper scene". In the rule set set up the basic application of the subordinate function method to study area wetland classification, get a higher classification accuracy, the Kappa index of wetland types are more than 80%. 2, the Wusuli River between China and Russia cross point of wetland types include herbaceous swamp, Ki Ikenuma, Bayashi Ikenuma, river, lake, paddy field, reservoir pond and canal / ditch eight categories. Wetland and non wetland change significantly. The important produced within the territory of the people's Republic of China in the Naoli River Basin and Muling River domain and Russia hall River Basin. From 1989 to 2017, the paddy field is the most of the eve of the Wusuli River between China and Russia cross point area growth, and herbaceous wetlands is the time within the area to reduce the largest. Change the Holzer River Basin in China have important Naoli River Basin and the Muling River region and russia. 3, the Chinese territory of wetland change is more intense, while the Russian wetland change is relatively tight. In China, the transformation of non wetland to Wetland in China is more intense than that of non wetland, while in Russia, the contrary, the wetland to the non wetland is more intense. Between China and Russia three types of transformation has very big difference, important transformation method is also different, China produces important transformation method, the length of the wetland to the transformation of artificial wetland, wetland and natural transformation for artificial wetland and non wetland; and Russia produced transformation method for the transformation between natural wetland and non wetland. The differences in the total area between the two types of wetlands in the territory of the two countries are relatively large. 4, integrated wetland change natural driving force and human driving force analysis, from the long time standard, natural status and human factors are the changes of wetland types have a certain displacement. But from a short time standard, the human factor is undoubtedly an important driving factor for wetland change. The different area has important influence on identity, and the important driving force also has certain difference. Be compared and character, important point and Wusuli River Valley spanning regions within the territory of the people's Republic of China wetland change is paddy growth and herbaceous wetlands cuts, the important driving factors for human driving factors. Ussuri River cross point regions in the Russian territory of wetland change is important wetland nature transformation, the person tattoo effect than natural influencing factor is smaller. 目录: |
