| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，俄语论文范文，内容请直接查看目录。） 地盘是人类生计和成长弗成或缺的物资基本，是任何物资临盆弗成替换的临盆材料，是最主要的天然资本。农地轨制是人们在运用农地时所受的工资制约，是调剂因农天时用而构成的人与人之间关系的标准。农地是农业临盆的基本。在中国乡村的一切经济和社会成绩中，最庞杂、最受存眷的就是农地成绩。从某种意义上说，农人成绩就是农地成绩，而农地成绩的焦点是农地产权成绩。农地产权轨制是农地轨制中最主要、最基本的轨制。中俄两国今朝都处于经济转轨时代。本文将农地产权权能界定为农地专有运用权、农地流转权和农地收益权。运用古代产权实际和比拟轨制剖析办法，就转轨时代中俄农地产权轨制变迁、农地产权轨制绩效、农地流转轨制等停止比拟剖析。因为中俄两国的汗青渊源，两国农地产权轨制变迁的终点是雷同的，即农地国度一切。中俄两国轨制变迁的动力机制是雷同的，即都存在轨制外收益，为了使收益内涵化，而停止农地产权轨制的改造。但中俄两国农地产权轨制变迁的途径、变迁的形式分歧。俄罗斯冲破以往的途径，由单一的农地国度一切改变为国度一切、处所自治当局一切和私家一切等多种情势。而中国则是实施农地国度一切和个人一切，农人只享有运用权和部门收益权。中国度庭承包制变迁是自下而上的，属诱致性轨制变迁。而俄罗斯则是自上而下的，属强迫性轨制变迁。而且非正式轨制对俄罗斯农地产权轨制变迁发生了深入的作用。农地流转轨制是农地产权权能得以完成的轨制保证。经由过程对中俄两国农地流转现状、轨制构建及农地流转内部情况的比拟，本文以为俄罗斯对农地用处改变的限制是作用其农地流转绩效的主要身分。而中国则应根据各地域经济成长分歧情形，制订分歧的流转轨制。基于以上比拟剖析，本文以为转轨时代完美中国农地产权轨制比拟经济的形式就是对农地家庭承包制的完美。起首应保持以家庭为农地运营单元。其次，应将农地家庭承包运营权设计为农地专有运用权。所谓专有是指农地运用权的权力主体和客体均是特定的。如许可使农户有稳固的地权。第三，俄语论文网站，农地专有运用权应为物权化的权力。第四，农地专有运用权应是可以流转的权力，应付与农人农地流转权和农地收益权。第五，应从地盘市场、地盘银行、地盘有价证券这三方面来完美农地流转的内部情况。中国农地产权轨制应以公正与效力的同一为一直的扶植目的。农地产权轨制不是孤立存在的，它的经济绩效是依附社会浩瀚其他轨制的支持而完成的。社会主义新乡村的扶植须要更完美的农地产权轨制。 Abstract: Land is human survival and development of Eph or lack of materials, is any material childbirth Eph into replacement birth material, is the most important natural capital. Rural land system is the standard of the relationship between people in the application of agricultural land by the wage restriction, which is the relationship between the adjustment of the people and the people who use it. The land is the basic agricultural production. In all the economic and social achievements of China's rural areas, the most numerous and complicated, the most concerned about is the result of agricultural land. In a sense, the farmer is the result of farmland and farmland performance results, focus is the rural land property grades. The farmland property right system is the most important and basic system in the rural land system. China and Russia are now in the era of economic transition. In this paper, the land property right is defined as the proprietary right of the rural land, the right to transfer the rural land and the right to the land. By using the ancient property rights theory and the comparative system analysis method, the comparative analysis of the changes of the land property rights system, the performance of the land property rights system and the system of the rural land circulation system in the transitional period. Because of the historical origin of China and Russia, the end of the land property rights system change of the two countries is similar, that is, the land ownership system is the same. The dynamic mechanism of the change of China and Russia's rail system is the same, that is, there are the system of income, in order to make the income connotation, and stop the reform of agricultural land property rights system. However, the ways and forms of change of land property right system in China and russia. Russia broke through the past, from a single agricultural land to all changes in the state of everything, the local authorities and private all the various forms of private. The Chinese is farmland all country and individuals all farmers only enjoy rights and income rights application department. China family contract system change is a bottom-up, belong to induced institutional change. While Russia is top-down, is a forced institutional change. And the informal system has a deep influence on the change of land property rights system in Russia. Rural land transfer system is a system guarantee for the completion of land property rights and power. Through the comparison of the current situation of rural land transfer, the system construction and the internal situation of farmland transfer, this paper believes that the restrictions on the use of agricultural land in Russia are the main factors that affect the performance of rural land transfer. And China should be based on regional economic growth differences, the development of different transfer system. Based on the above analysis, this paper believes that the form of the perfect agricultural land property rights system in the transition period is the perfect system of the agricultural land family contract system. First of all, the family should be kept as the agricultural land operation unit. Secondly, the agricultural land should be designed as the exclusive right to use the land. The so-called "exclusive" refers to the power subject and the object of the application right of the agricultural land. This can make the farmers have stable land ownership. Third, the right to the exclusive use of agricultural land should be the power of the real right. Fourth, the application of proprietary rights should be the transfer power to cope with the farmers land transfer rights and usufruct. Fifth, from the three aspects of the land market, land banking, land securities to perfect the internal situation of the transfer of agricultural land. The system of land property right in China should be based on the same as the same as the effect of justice. The rural land property rights system is not isolated, and its economic performance is supported by the vast other social system. The construction of new socialist countryside needs more perfect farmland property rights system. 目录: |
