| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 中国和俄罗斯是两个有着配合筹划经济汗青配景的的年夜国，都在阅历着并将持续阅历着经济改造的进程，最近几年来两国又都完成了年夜范围引资，惹起了世界的存眷，是以对两国引资的特色，面前的缘由，引资的后果，做一研究愈来愈需要。本文先回想了外商直接投资的有关实际文献，重要是投资成长周期实际，经济腾飞实际，“双缺口”实际，FDI空间散布实际，FDI的溢出效应。进而在梳理和自创国际外学者对于外商直接投资相干实际的的基本上，运用中俄两国相干数据停止了实证研究和比拟剖析。文章起首根据邓宁的投资成长周期实际对中俄两国所处的投资成长阶段停止了实证研究，成果注解中国2017年之前处于第二阶段，2017年今后开端向第三阶段过渡，而俄罗斯今朝仍处于第二阶段。因而把中国2017年之前运用FDI的状态同俄罗斯1993年到如今运用FDI的状态作比拟有了可行性。并且发明俄罗斯处于第二阶段出现出两个特色高位相符和分段相符。在界定比拟阶段的基本上，分离对中俄运用外资的特色和外资对中俄两国的进献两个年夜的方面停止了比拟。中俄运用外资特点刻化方面重要表示出以下几点分歧中国运用FDI的范围比俄罗斯年夜许多；中国运用FDI的地区散布依交通、邻海和地舆情况状态呈递加趋向，而俄运用FDI依经济蓬勃、交通方便水平和动力两个中间分散散布；中国运用外资的行业重要集中在第二家当而俄罗斯重要集中在第三家当，但对于俄罗斯来说，俄语毕业论文，俄语论文题目，流向第二家当FDI有增加趋向，特别是制作业；中俄两国FDI的起源都城表示出地缘特色，但中国的地区特色在逐步削弱，而俄罗斯的地区特色在逐步加强；另外在投资措施方面也存在严重差别，中国采取并购投资取得FDI的比重比俄罗斯低许多，但外商直接投资所占现实运用外资比重则比俄罗斯高许多。然后对上述异同的缘由停止了商量，重要给合别人的研究结果和笔者的进一步研究，我们得出以下结论中国运用FDI范围伟大的缘由是多方面的，既有东道国微观经济情况稳固、国度政策分歧、渐近式改造途径方面的缘由，也有休息力本钱低、地舆文明方面的天赋优势；形成中国运用外资区域差距年夜的缘由与当局经济政策和开放途径相干，同时地域的开放度和家当会聚所发生的联系关系效应，愈来愈成为FDI在中国停止区域选择的症结身分，而作用俄罗斯FDI区域散布的症结身分是动力、家当会聚效应、立异才能。家当散布分歧、FDI起源国差别、投资措施异同则反应了中俄的家当构造，金融市场开放水平、当局政策和两国天赋及地舆分部的差别。FDI对两国进献研究部门，运用计量经济剖析软件Eviews3。1，采取单元根磨练，协整剖析办法，格兰杰磨练，相干性剖析，同时自创国际学者的的研究结果得出以下结论 FDI对中国经济增加的进献表现在历久，而FDI对俄罗斯经济增加的进献则表现在短时间；FDI对中国失业的作用在1980一1995年，起到了扩展失业的感化，1996—1998年仅起到了转移失业的感化，而从1998年至今，根本上起到一种负面感化；而FDI对俄罗斯失业的作用在1994一1998年表示为负面感化，1999一2017年对失业作用表示不明显。在对下面各部门停止静态和静态剖析的基本上，提出了两个结论第1、中俄运用外资竞争性在增强，并对此从家当、当局举动、跨国并购比重、中国休息力本钱优势的削弱、FDI起源国的趋同五个方面做了剖析；第2、完成家当构造调剂对处理中俄运用FDI中存在的成绩都是最主要的，并从对地域散布不屈衡、对俄经济增加的作用，对失业的作用三个方面停止了剖析。最初对此提出了相干建议制订和完美“两税合一”配套办法，加年夜办事商业范畴接收外资的力度，平安积极地推进跨国并购，加倍有针对性制订有益于中西部吸引国际直接投资的增进政策，加年夜人力资本开辟，进步中国教导的国际化程度和国际化本质，进一步优化中国的投资情况。 Abstract: China and Russia is the two with a planned economy with the historical background of the big country, are experiencing and will continue to experience economic transformation process, in recent years the two countries have completed large-scale investment, has aroused world attention, which is based on the two investment characteristics, before the reason investment, the consequences of a discussion more and more need to do. This paper first reviewed the literature about the actual foreign direct investment, investment growth is an important period of the real economy, the "double gap", FDI spatial distribution, the spillover effect of FDI. Then in profits from the domestic and foreign scholars and combing foreign direct investment basically coherent practical application, China and Russia stopped coherent empirical research and comparative analysis of data. At first, according to Denning's actual investment growth cycle on the Sino Russian investment at the growth stage of an empirical study, before the results of Chinese 2017 notes in the second phase, the transition to the third stage will start in 2017, and now Russia is still at the second stage. Thus the application status of FDI Chinese before 2017 with Russia in 1993 to the present application status of FDI compared with the feasibility. And the invention of Russia in the second stage show two characteristics of high line and segmented line. In the definition of match stage basically, separation of Russian foreign and foreign application characteristics on the Sino Russian into the offer two major aspects of the match. The characteristics of Sino Russian foreign application moment expressed the following important differences China application range of FDI than Russia the eve of many FDI application area; Chinese spread according to traffic, adjacent to the sea and geographical condition showed a decreasing trend, while the application of FDI in the Russian economy is booming and convenient transportation of water and power level two intermediate dispersion spread; the application of China foreign industry focus on second important belongings and Russia mainly on third possessions, but about Russia, FDI has a tendency to increase the flow of second possessions, especially the manufacturing industry; the origin of Sino Russian FDI capital table shown geographical characteristics, but China characteristics gradually weakened, while Russia's regional characteristics gradually in the method of investment strengthen; there are serious differences, Chinese to mergers and acquisitions investment proportion of FDI has lower than Russia, but foreign direct The investment accounts for the proportion of foreign capital is practical much higher than russia. Then the reason for these differences were important to discuss further discussion with others research results and the author, we draw the following conclusions Chinese reason was the great scope of application of FDI in many aspects, not only cause host country macroeconomic situation stable, national policy differences, gradually close type transformation ways, they have a break force low cost, geography and civilization of the talent advantage; reason and authority of economic policies and open ways for the formation of regional disparity of foreign China Nianye application and the opening degree of regional coherence, and possessions converge of contact relationship effect, has increasingly become the crux of FDI stop selection in the China regional identity, and influence the crux of the Russian FDI identity regional spread is the power, family gather effect, innovation ability. Possessions spread differences, in the country of origin of the FDI difference, investment method difference reflects Russia's industrial structure and financial market opening level, government policy and their talent and geographical segment difference. FDI of the two countries with the research departments, the application of econometric analysis software Eviews3. Hone hone, 1 take unit root and cointegration analysis, Granger, coherence analysis, and create their own international scholars research results obtained the following conclusions of FDI on China's economy increase contribution in long-term, and FDI on Russian economic growth contribution is shown in a short period of time; FDI on China's unemployment in the 1980s in 1995, to the expansion of employment effect, from 1996 to 1998 only to transfer the unemployment effect, and from 1998 to date, fundamental to a negative effect, while FDI on Russia's unemployment effects in 1994 and 1998 expressed as negative effect, from 1999 to 2017 of unemployment affect not obviously. In the following departments to stop the static and dynamic analysis of the basically, and puts forward two conclusion 1, Russia of using foreign capital in competitive in enhanced, and this from the furniture, government action, the proportion of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, the rest force cost advantage to weaken, the convergence of FDI in the country of origin of the five aspects of analysis; second, complete industrial structure swap for dealing with Sino Russian application of FDI in the presence of achievement are the main and from the effects of the regional distribution imbalance, the Russian economy increase, of unemployment affect three aspects to carry on the analysis. Initially puts forward the relevant suggestions to develop and perfect "imputation" supporting measures, plus Nianye service trade category to receive foreign efforts, Ping an actively promote cross-border mergers and acquisitions, a double to formulate useful in the Midwest to attract international direct investment enhance policy, plus the eve of manpower resource development, teach Chinese progress degree of internationalization and the internationalization of the essence, and further optimize the investment situation in China. 目录: |
