| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 20世纪80年月以来，同为社会主义国度，在政治、经济、地区等方面有着深入汗青渊源的中国和俄罗斯都做出了从传统筹划经济体系体例向市场经济体系体例转轨的选择，并把一切制构造的调剂放到重要位置。两国在筹划经济体系体例下，一切制情势比拟单一，私有制占主体位置，国有公司占公民经济的主导位置。是以，国企改造成为两国经济体系体例改造的重心，备受存眷。中俄两国国企改造的途径都是先以产权改造为主线，厥后转向企业管理研究，选择的终究目的是市场经济体系体例，在这个意义上，具有必定的可比性。中俄两都城阅历了2、三十年的改造理论，所积聚的改造经历增强了停止比拟的实际性，并对每一个国度不管是扩展其研究的实际视野，照样完美经济改造的理论都是有益的，将会给两边以多面的启发：研究俄罗斯国企产权改造的实际与理论，总结俄罗斯国企改造的经历经验，研究中国国企改造的得掉，对中国国企改造的深刻成长无疑具有主要的实际意义。而对中国国有公司改造的剖析，对有过相似阅历的俄罗斯也将有必定的自创意义。本文重要采取比拟剖析办法、实证与标准研究办法，以国有公司改造为主线，对中俄两国的国企改造在实际与理论方面，停止了周全的比拟剖析，重要有：其一，中俄两国国企改造动因的比拟。在俄罗斯，苏共引导人对社会主义轨制的完全否认、国民对社会主义的困惑与摇动，共产党的闭幕，招致资产阶层权势占领下层修建，苏联崩溃。崩溃后，为了获得东方蓬勃国度的支援，接收了东方国度提出的在经济上引进市场机制和实施国有公司公有化等请求，并经由过程公布法则律例等情势，在全部国度自上而下以保守的措施强迫履行向本钱主义转向的经济转轨，实施国有公司公有化。而中国事在包管政治和社会稳固的条件下，保持以私有制为主体，以经济扶植为中间，停止的国企改造。因为国有公司改造的政治、经济动因的差别，使指点中俄两国国企产权改造的实际基本判然不同。俄罗斯产权改造是以科斯为代表的东方产权实际为根据的，其本质是公有产权实际，中国的产权改造是以马克思产权实际为根据的，其本质是私有产权实际。从实质上说，两国产权改造的性质完整分歧。其二，中俄两国国企改造目的的比拟。俄罗斯国企产权改造目的是实施公有化，经由过程出售国有和处所产业构成一个普遍的公有者阶级，俄语论文范文，从而终究树立一个以私家一切为基本的一切制构造。中国国企产权改造的目的是产权主体的多元化，经由过程束缚和成长临盆力，树立古代公司轨制，加强公司活气，增进多种一切制经济配合成长。国企改造的目的分歧，终将作用改造的措施与过程。其三，中俄两国国企产权改造途径的比拟。俄罗斯重要采取保守式的产权改造，分为“年夜公有化”和“小公有化”。而中国采用的各类改造手腕都是在保持私有制基本上为树立古代公司轨制对国企停止改造。停止的是渐进的、诱致性的、部分到全体的国企改造。恰是国企产权改造存在的这些差别，招致两国国企改造走向了分歧的偏向和发生了分歧的后果。其四，中俄两国国企产权改造绩效的比拟。整体说来，两国改制后的公司中，国有持股少的股分企业绩效最好，国有独资企事迹效最差，俄语论文题目，解释改制公司比未改制公司的绩效好。但中俄两国比拟，中国国企改造后的效益显著好过俄罗斯。其五，中俄两国企业管理构造的比拟。经由过程对两国企业制公司外部管理构造的比拟，对两国“外部人掌握”的特色与成因停止了深入的剖析；经由过程对其内部管理机制的比拟得出，内部管理机制的软弱则进一步强化了“外部人掌握”景象，并且改造的难度更年夜，但对国企改造可否终究胜利更具决议意义。最初，从全体上总结了可供自创的俄罗斯国企改造的经历经验的同时，提出我国国企改造的思绪与处理计划。 Abstract: Since the 20th century, 80 years, as a socialist country, in politics, economy, region has a deep historical origin of China and Russia have made from the traditional planning economic system to market economic system transition, and the structure of all transfers into an important position. Under the planning economic system, the two countries are in a single form of ownership, the dominant position of private ownership, and the dominant position of the state-owned enterprises. Is, the transformation of state-owned enterprises to become the focus of transformation of the economic system of the two countries, much attention. Ways of SOE reform in China and Russia are first to property right reform as the main line, Jue to company management research, choice goal after all is market economic system. In this sense, with certain comparability. Russian capital has experienced 2, 30 years of reform theory, transformation of the accumulation of experience enhanced compared to the actual stop, and of every country whether it is extended to study the practical perspective, still perfect economic transformation theory is useful will to both sides of the multi-faceted inspiration: study Russian state-owned enterprises property right reform of theory and practice, summarize the experiences of Russian reform of state-owned enterprises, study of Chinese state-owned enterprise reform gain or loss, deep growth of Chinese state-owned enterprises reform undoubtedly has important practical significance. And the analysis of the transformation of China's state-owned enterprises, there are similar experiences of Russia will also have a certain degree of self significance. This paper mainly adopts comparative analysis method, empirical and normative research methods, reconstruction of the state-owned enterprises as the main line, on the Sino Russian state-owned enterprise reform in theory and practice, stop the comprehensive comparative analysis, have important: first, Sino Russian state-owned enterprise reform causes the match. In Russia, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union guide rail system of socialism completely denied, of socialist national confusion and shaking, closing of the Communist Party, bring about asset class power occupied the lower building, the collapse of the Soviet Union. After a crash, in order to obtain vigorous oriental country support, receive the proposed by western countries in economic introducing market mechanism and implementation of state-owned enterprise socialization and request, and through published laws and regulations of law of the situation, in the whole nation from top to bottom with conservative methods forced to fulfill towards capitalist economic transition, the implementation of public ownership of the state-owned enterprises. While China is in the condition of guaranteeing the political and social stability, keeping the private ownership as the mainstay and the economic construction as the center, the transformation of the state-owned enterprises. Because of the state-owned enterprise reform of political and economic reasons for the difference, the guidance of Sino Russian state-owned enterprise property right reform of basic theory of disparate. Property rights reform in Russia is with Coase as representative of the Oriental property theory as the basis, its essence is public property rights, China's property rights reform is to Marx's property rights theory as the basis, its essence is private property. In essence, the nature of the property rights reform of the two countries are completely different. Second, the comparison of the purpose of the transformation of state-owned enterprises between China and russia. Russia state-owned property rights reform is to implement public ownership of the means of production, through the process of selling state and local industry constitute a universal public class to eventually establish a private all for the basic structure of ownership. The purpose of China's state-owned property rights reform is the diversification of property rights, through the process of binding and productivity growth, establish modern enterprise system, strengthen the vitality of the enterprise, enhance the all of the common economic development of many. The purpose of reform of state-owned enterprises differences, will affect the transformation of the method and process. Third, the comparison of the property rights reform of state-owned enterprises between China and russia. Russia is important to take the conservative property rights reform, divided into the eve of the public and small public". And all of the transformation of the Chinese use of the wrist is to maintain a basic private ownership system for the establishment of a modern enterprise system to stop the transformation of state-owned enterprises. Stop is gradual, induced, part of the transformation of state-owned enterprise to all. Just the existence of state-owned property rights reform of these differences, resulting in the transformation of the two countries to the direction of the differences between the bias and the consequences of differences. Fourth, compared to state-owned enterprises property rights reform performance of China and russia. Overall, between the two countries after the restructuring of enterprises, state-owned shareholding less joint-stock company performance best, state-owned enterprises deeds effect the worst to explain enterprise restructuring than restructuring of enterprise performance. But the comparison between China and Russia, the efficiency of the transformation of China's state-owned enterprises is significantly better than russia. Fifth, the company management structure of Sino Russian match. Through on their corporate external governance structure match, of two countries "external control characteristics and genesis of stop the in-depth analysis; by process of the internal management mechanism which compare, internal management mechanism of weak further strengthened the" external master "scene, and bigger difficulty of transformation, but reform the state-owned enterprises could eventually win more resolution. At first, it summarizes the experiences of the transformation of Russian state-owned enterprises, and puts forward the thoughts and treatment plans for the transformation of state-owned enterprises in China. 目录: |
