| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 中国的经济持续朝着多元化和内向型经济的偏向成长，俄罗斯是中国对外经贸完成多元化的弗成多得的协作同伴。中俄两国经济的潜伏互补性强，具有成长经贸协作的潜力，不管是对俄商业照样对俄直接投资都是有文章可作。90年月以来，中国对俄商业出口呈逐年上升趋向，商业整体程度创汗青最高程度，固然数额与两国年夜国位置其实不相当，但其整体成长与两国经济的实际互补性相吻合，也根本相符市场供求关系的内涵经济纪律。但对俄商业中的出口产物远不克不及反应中国产物的现实国际竞争力，在运用俄罗斯经济转轨期强滩俄市场方面中国公司落伍于东方蓬勃国度，也落伍于韩国等国度。缘由固然是多方面的，客不雅上讲，俄罗斯的详细国情制约着双边商业的成长，俄罗斯经济范围不年夜，居平易近花费程度不高，俄商业规矩欠标准等等，但这些身分对任何一个开辟俄市场的本国公司都是存在的；客观上讲是中国对俄出口的商品构造存在严重低级化初级化偏向，还远没有施展中国外贸出口产物的优势，在俄市场上的营销战略也不克不及顺应市场竞争等等。中国对俄出口商业未能充足运用两国经济的实际互补性，也贻误了公司有用开辟俄市场的优越机会。往后两国的经贸关系会在90年月的优越基本上安康稳固的成长。重要由于中俄政治关系优越的成长势头将为经贸关系的成长供给条件；俄政治稳固、经济状态连续走强将慢慢改良经贸运动的情况和前提；同时，经由多年的成长，中俄两国已彼此成为主要的商业同伴，两国经济上也确切互有需求。为了完成对俄出口商业的良性成长，须要整理双边商业次序和边贸次序，进步公司和产物的信誉程度；优化对俄出口的商品构造，施展中国对外商业的优势，俄语毕业论文，进步电机及通讯电子类产物的层次和比重；强化外贸公司的调剂，组建面向俄市《WP=6》场的年夜型公司团体；制订完全的营销计谋，造就和成长名牌产物等等。中国对俄罗斯市场的直接投资呈日益活泼态势，但总的来讲，投资范围较小，行业也较单一。假如中俄两国经济的潜伏互补性在必定前提下转化为实际互补性，便可认为公司展开对俄直接投资供给辽阔的空间，这重要包含开辟俄罗斯西伯利亚地域的油气资本；增强林业协作，公道有用运用俄丛林资本；开辟俄的地盘资本，成长栽种养殖业；扶植自在商业区和开辟协作区；结合开辟高科技产物并完成其家当化和推动电机、电子信息类产物的境外加工商业等。今朝，俄罗斯的运营情况有所改良，俄政治局势稳固，当局制订了增进成长经济政策，经济成长呈连续走强态势，俄当局在立法、税收、银行、海关等方面采用了改造办法，为外资公司在俄罗斯的成长发明优越的投资前提。但也有晦气身分，好比俄经济上疑点和难点仍然存在，俄语论文，一些机构部分的办事缺少公正和效力等等。中国公司成长对俄投资的比拟优势还较弱，另外，完成两国经济上的实际互补性还存在一些妨碍，好比资金缺乏、治理程度绝对落伍、市场机制不尽完美等等，同时还要战胜投资中的非经济目标。为此，当局和公司应该争夺自动并合时放宽政策，对严重项目要尽早决议计划；灵巧运用国际和国际的金融投资市场，躲避金融风险；对于投资额伟大的跨国项目，可以走强强结合的途径，尽早完成与国际接轨；还应留意依据公司本身的实力，肯定准确的运营计谋，周全晋升中国公司在俄市场上的竞争力。经由了10年的磨合期，中俄经贸协作的成长已步入慢车道。信任一些有胆有识的中国公司会适应时期潮水，充足运用年夜好机会和有益政策，卖力选择好目的市场，积极开辟俄罗斯市场并获得丰富的利润。 Abstract: China's economy continues to grow in the direction of diversification and inward oriented economy, Russia is China's foreign trade and economic cooperation to complete the diversification of multiple partners. China and Russia are highly complementary economies of potential, has the potential to grow economic and trade cooperation, whether it is the business of Russian direct investment in Russia are the article can be done. Since the 1990s, China commercial exports to Russia were rising trend year by year, the overall level of commercial hit highest level in history, although the amount and two big country position actually not quite, but actually complementary to the overall growth and the economy of the two countries coincide, also basically consistent with market supply and demand relations of the connotation of the discipline of economics. But Russian commercial export products far cannot react realities of Chinese products the international competitiveness, in application of Russia's economic transition period strong Russian beach market Chinese enterprises behind the vigorous oriental country, also behind South Korea and other countries. Reason is, of course, in many aspects, objectively speaking, Russia's specific conditions restricts the growth of bilateral trade, not of the eve of the Russian economy, residents spent almost level is not high, the Russian business rules under standard and so on, but the identity of any open up the Russian market of the enterprises are the existence of; objectively speaking, China's exports to Russia commodity structure exist serious low initial bias, is still far from cast the advantage of China's export products, in the Russian market marketing strategy also cannot adapt to market competition and so on. China practical complementarity of the Russian export business failed to make full use of the bilateral economic, but also adversely affected by the useful for enterprises to open up the Russian market superior opportunities. Economic and trade relations between the two countries will be in the 90 years of the superior basically stable growth in Ankang. Important due to the political relations between China and Russia is superior to that of growth momentum for economic and trade relations between the growth conditions of supply; Russian political stability, economic state continuous forcing slowly improved economic movement and premise; at the same time, through years of development, China and Russia has become each other's main business partners, the two countries economic exactly need each other. In order to complete the healthy growth of exports to Russia business needs finishing order in our bilateral trade and border trade order, progress of enterprises and product reputation; optimize the commodity structure of exports to Russia, display the advantage of Chinese foreign trade, the level and proportion of the progress of the electrical and electronic communication products; strengthen the adjustment of foreign trade enterprises, set up a Russian city of the WP=6 type of the eve of the business community oriented; formulate complete marketing strategy, creating and development of famous brand product and so on. China's direct investment in the Russian market has become increasingly active, but in general, the investment scope is small, the industry is also more than a single. If Sino Russian economic latent complementary sex under certain conditions into actual complementarity, will be able to consider the enterprise expansion expanse of the Russian direct investment in the supply of space, this includes to develop Russia Siberia oil and gas capital; strengthen forestry cooperation, reasonable and effective should be in Russian forest resources; open up Russia's land resources, growth of plant breeding; support free trade area and open areas of cooperation; development of combination of high-tech products and complete their belongings and promote motor, electronic and information products overseas processing trade etc.. Today, the operating situation in Russia has improved, Russian political situation is stable, the authorities have developed is to promote the development of economic policies, economic growth is continuing strong momentum, the Russian authorities in legislation, taxation, banking, customs and so on the reform measures, for foreign-funded enterprises in the growing Russian invention superior investment condition. But there are also adverse element, like the Russian economy doubts and difficulties still exist, some institutions are part of the service lack of equity and efficiency and so on. Growth of Chinese enterprises to invest in Russia comparative advantage is still weak. In addition, bilateral economic actual complementary still exist some obstacles, like the lack of funds, management level is relatively backward, the market mechanism is not perfect and so on, also have to overcome investment in non economic objectives. Therefore, government and enterprises should compete for automatic and timely to relax the policy, to serious project to decide as soon as possible plan; dexterous application of international and domestic financial markets, avoid financial risks; on investment great multinational project can go the powerful combination of the way, finished as soon as possible with international standards; should also pay attention to the strength of the enterprises on the basis of, certain and accurate operation strategy, comprehensively promote the competitiveness of Chinese companies in the Russian market. After 10 years of running in period, the growth of Sino Russian economic and trade cooperation has entered a slow lane. Some trust knowledgable Chinese enterprises will conform to the trend of the times, full use of the eve of the good opportunities and good policy, hard to select target market, and actively open up the Russian market and obtain rich profits. 目录: |
