| （摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 二战掉败后,德国政治上被四年夜国分区占据,经济上完整瓦解,全部国度堕入绝后严重的灾害当中。战斗使绝年夜部门处于任务年纪的男性逝世于战斗或沦为战俘,德国妇女因此成为德国生齿中的年夜多半。战后德国生齿中55％都是女性,而20岁到29岁的年青休息力中63%都是女性,是以德国妇女承当了在四个占据国的监视下的德国重建任务,处境极其艰苦。本文将从战后德国妇女的生计情况、社会生涯,家庭生涯和政治生涯四个方面来复原从1945年占据时代开端到1949年联邦德国和平易近主德国成立的德国妇女的真实生涯。文章分为五个部门：第一部门重要提醒战后德国社会的概略,复原德国妇女在占据早期面对的生计情况：第二次世界年夜战使德国简直成为一片废墟,四年夜国的分区占据和管束政策更是使战后的德国落井下石,男性青丁壮休息力紧缺、衡宇严重缺乏、粮煤供给艰苦,国民生涯极端艰难,社会情势极端严格。第二部门重要引见占据时代德国妇女的社会经济生涯。因为妇女在生齿数目和安康状态上都比男性占优势,是以,占据早期国度和家庭的重任就落在了她们肩上。一方面,她们积极介入社会重建,赞助清算废墟,增进社会次序的恢复；另外一方面,她们尽力保持家人生计,在占据政府划定的任务之外千方百计获得更多的生计必须品,赞助家人渡过了艰苦的时辰。第三部门重要引见德国妇女的家庭生涯。占据时代的阅历对德国妇女的家庭生涯发生了异常年夜的作用：一方面,妇女进入社会生涯的各个范畴,承当了很多本来属于汉子的义务,自力性日趋增加；另外一方面,占据时代,许多妇女因为情势所迫与占据军产生了性关系,这类阅历招致夫妻间关系重要。自力性的增加使妇女不知足于传统家庭脚色,而与占据军的关系又使婚姻涌现裂痕,家庭抵触日渐剧烈,家庭危机日渐严重。第四部门重要引见德国妇女的政治生涯。占据军占据早期并没无意识到女性占生齿年夜多半会对德国发生如何的作用,是以并未为对妇女这个多半群体予以看重。而当他们认识到妇女这个群体是主要的选平易近,值得惹起存眷时,除法国之外,其他三个占据军当局分离采用了分歧的办法引诱妇女介入政治生涯,以在德国重建进程中施展感化。最初为结语部门。 Abstract: World War II after losing, German politics is four big country partition to occupy, economic collapse, all countries fall into the unprecedented serious disasters. Fighting the vast majority in the task of older men died in combat, or become a prisoner of war, the German women therefore become the eve of the German population most. Postwar German population 55% are female, 20 to 29 year old young labor force in 63% are women, to German women bear in four countries occupy the monitor of German reconstruction task, the situation is extremely difficult. The from the postwar German women's living conditions, social life, family life and political career four aspects to recover from 1945 to occupy the age began to 1949 Federal Germany and democratic Germany established German women's real life. Article is divided into five parts: the first part remind compendium of post-war German society, the restoration of German women in occupy early in the face of living conditions: the Second World War the German simply become a pile of rubble, the partition of the four big country occupy and tube bundle policy is the post-war German adding insult to injury, a serious lack of male medaka Ding Zhuang labor shortage, Heng Yu, hard coal grain supply, people's life extremely difficult, the social situation extremely strict. The second sector is important to occupy the era of German women's social and economic life. Because women in the population and health status are more dominant than the male, is to occupy the early country and family responsibility falls on their shoulders. On the one hand, they actively involved in social reconstruction, sponsorship liquidation ruins, promote the recovery of social order; on the other hand, they try to keep the family livelihood, in addition to occupy the tasks designated by the government do everything possible to get more livelihood must, sponsored family through the hard hour. The third sector is an important part of the German women's family life. Occupy the influence of the eve of the anomaly occurred in the era of experience of German women's family life: on the one hand, women's access to all areas of social life, bear the many belonged to the man obligations, independence is increasing day by day; on the other hand, occupying era, many women forced to circumstances and occupation by produced sexual relationship. This experience lead to husband and wife the important relationship between the. Independent of the increase of women do not know enough to traditional family roles, and military relations to occupy and marriage rift emerged, family conflicts increasingly intense, family crisis is becoming more and more serious. The fourth sector is an important part of the German women's political career. Occupation occupy early and have no consciousness to women accounted for the eve of the population is likely to impact on Germany, is to is not the woman most groups to be valued. And when they recognize that women in this group is mainly the voters, it is worth to cause concern, in addition to the French, the other three occupation authorities from the different ways to lure women involved in the political career, to in the process of reconstruction in Germany play a role. The first part of the conclusion. 目录: |
