越南、泰国、印尼留学生汉语普通话声调习得建模Chinese Mandarin tone acquisition model for students from Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 音调和汉字是汉语差别于其他说话的明显标记，因为音调具有差别意义的感化，音调的研究与教授教养就显得非分特别主要。最近几年来针对留先生的汉语通俗话音调研究取得了丰硕的结果，也对对外汉语教授教养供给了参考。然则历久以来，对留先生音调的研究重要集中在欧美先生和日韩先生，针对越南、泰国、印尼留先生音调习得的研究还很少，在研究办法上，重要集中在比拟音调的调型、音调终点和起点的高下、用感知的办法让留先生对听到的音调做断定、用试验语音的办法获得归一化的基频数据，从而比拟调型和调值。本文用试验语音学的办法，对越南、泰国和印尼留先生习得汉语通俗话音调结构数学模子，为留先生汉语通俗话音调的进修制造了一把“尺子”，用这把尺子去测量留先生音调进修情形。这把“尺子”包含四个参数：音调基频的“斜率差”、“函数差”、“残差和”和“音调差距”。音调基频的“斜率差”越小，表现留先生音调的调型与尺度汉语通俗话异同越小，也就是说留先生音调在音调调型方面越尺度；音调基频“函数差”越小，表现留先生音调的调值与尺度汉语通俗话异同越小，也就是说留先生音调在音调调值方面越尺度；音调基频“残差和”越小，表现留先生在发音进程中，喉头肌肉掌握声带很安稳，发音很天然。前两个参数“斜率差”和“函数差”用来测算音调的精确度，而“残差和”用来测算音调的天然度，所以，“音调差距”就是“斜率差”、“函数差”和“残差和”三个参数的一个综合目标，“音调差距”越小，表现留先生汉语通俗话音调习得越精确，习得后果越好，反之，“音调差距”越年夜，表现留先生汉语通俗话音调习得越禁绝确，习得后果越差。在确立比拟参数以后，运用Matlab软件编写数据提取法式，在运算成果的基本上，分离对这三个国度留先生汉语通俗话习得音调的调型、调值和天然度停止了比拟。本文获得了以下结论1、假如留先生的母语有音调，其汉语通俗话音调的习得进程是一个螺旋式的上升进程，时辰遭到其母语音调的作用，进修后果会涌现升沉和重复；2、假如留先生的母语没有音调，其汉语通俗话音调的习得进程是一个安稳的上升进程；3、假如留先生母语音调的分歧，也会对其汉语通俗话音调进修发生作用，泰国粹生控制通俗话去声的情形比越南先生好，泰语论文题目，然则泰国粹生控制通俗话阳平的情形就没有越南先生好；4、整体上讲，在中国连续进修一段时光以后，这三个国度的先生音调较之方才进修的时刻都有提高，然则提高其实不非常显著，所以，接触汉语通俗话之初，就应当强调汉语音调的进修；5、从基频发抖频率参数看，越南人、泰国人、印尼人声带振动形式和中国人根本一样，从实际上看，越南、泰国、印尼先生学英雄语通俗话音调成绩不年夜。除此以外，对越南、泰国和印尼三个国度分歧汉语程度的留先生的音调树立数学模子，可以完成盘算机对其音调的真实模仿，泰语专业论文，经由过程与通俗话音调的比较，留先生可以静态进修通俗话音调、校订发音缺点、进步进修效力；同时，模子真实再现留先生习得汉语通俗话音调这一进程的原貌，为准确地不雅察和剖析留先生汉语音调进修情形供给参照；在必定水平上也为国际刑侦任务供给参考，由于犯法现场的语音剖析可以供给犯法者的音调特点，用这些特点和我们的剖析成果停止比较，便可以确认查询拜访偏向和查询拜访规模，为刑侦任务供给赞助。 Abstract: Tones of Chinese characters and Chinese is different from other speak clearly marked, because tone has the action of difference in meaning, tone of research and teaching is presumptuous special mainly. In recent years, the research on the Chinese popular voice for Mr. Liu has achieved fruitful results, but also provides a reference for the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. However, long-term since, to leave Mr. tone research mainly concentrated in Europe and the United States and Japan and South Korea Mr, research on Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, leaving Mr. tone acquisition is little, on the way to study important concentrated in the tone of the match and compete with the tone of the end and the beginning of, aware approach to keep Mr. hear tones in making decisions, by way of speech test and get the normalized frequency data of, then compared tone and pitch. The experimental phonetics, to Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia, leaving Mr acquisition Chinese popular voice to adjust the structure of the mathematical model, to leave Mr. Chinese popular voice tone of the study made a "ruler", with the ruler to measure left Mr. tone of the case study. The "ruler" contains four parameters: "the slope difference", "the function difference", "the residual sum" and "the pitch difference" ". Tone frequency "slope difference" smaller, leaving Mr. tone the tone and scale Chinese popular words the difference is small, also is to say leave Mr. tone on tone type scale; tone pitch "function" smaller, performance left Mr. tone the tone pitch and scale of Chinese popular words differences smaller. That is to say leave Mr. tone tone tone in the scale; tone pitch "residual" smaller, performance of students studying in pronunciation in the process, laryngeal muscles to master the vocal cord is very stable, pronunciation is very natural. Two parameters to slope difference and the difference of function of "to the accuracy of the measured tone, and" residual "used to measure tone natural degree, so" tone gap "is the slope difference", "function" and "residuals and three parameters of a comprehensive target," tone gap smaller, performance left Mr. Chinese popular voice tone acquisition more accurate, better acquisition consequences. On the contrary, more of the eve of the "tone gap", performance students studying Chinese popular voice tone acquisition is inaccurate, acquisition consequences worse. Established comparison arguments, MATLAB software is used to write data extraction and French, the operation results of the separation of the three countries leave Mr. Chinese popular words tone acquisition in tone, tone and natural degree compared. This paper obtained the following conclusions, if 1 students native language has its popular voice tone, Chinese tone acquisition process is an upward spiral process, when influenced by its parent tone, further consequences will emerge heave and repeat; 2, if students native language no tones, the Chinese popular voice the acquisition process is a stable rise process; 3, if students native tone differences will affect the learning effect of Chinese popular voice tone, the Thailand students control the popular tone than Vietnam Mr. good, but the Thailand students control the popular Hinata situation is not Mr. Vietnam; 4, on the whole, after a time in the China, the three countries of the tone than just MR study time have improved, but the improvement is not so significant, Contact Chinese popular words, it should be emphasized that the tones of Chinese learning; 5, from the fundamental frequency of shaking frequency parameters, Vietnamese, Thai, Indonesian vocal fold vibration form and Chinese is fundamentally the same, in fact, Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia, the heroic language through saying tone scores. In addition, in Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia, the three countries of different Chinese level students can complete the tone of a mathematical model, computer to mimic the real tone, through the comparison process and the popular voice tone, students can learning Mandarin tone, static pronunciation revising shortcomings, improve the learning effect; at the same time the mold, true reproduction of students acquisition of Chinese popular voice tone of this process is the original, accurate observation and analysis of students learning situation of Chinese tones supply reference; to a certain extent for the international criminal investigation task supply reference, because the tone characteristics of speech crime scene can supply lawbreakers, compared with the stop the characteristics and our analysis of the results, we can confirm the investigation and survey scale bias, support for criminal investigation task supply. 目录: |
