Abstract:Different people from different cultures may have different understandings of the same sentence or they may have different expressions about the same events because they don’t have sufficient knowledge about the target cultures. With more and more frequent cross-cultural communication, people of different cultural backgrounds often fail to understand each other. It is necessary for us to study the cultural differences between China and Western countries and equip ourselves with sufficient knowledge so that we can avoid misunderstandings and achieve good communication with people of different cultures. This paper is to reveal the different aspects—customs, religion and idioms, analysis the internal reasons—living circumstances, living habits and historical process—that cause these differences and provide possible translation strategies—foreignization method and domestication method—of English-Chinese translation to solve these problems. The author hopes this would bring solutions and suggestions to achieve good communication.

Key words: cultural differences; reasons; Chinese translation; strategies

中文摘要:人们处于不同的文化背景，对于同一概念的理解与表达千差万别，因为彼此对对方的文化了解有限。随着现在跨文化交际的行为越来越频繁, 不同文化背景的人常常无法很好地交流彼此的思想。因此，学习中西方文化的差异，了解必要的知识对我们消除因文化差异引起的误会并进行良好的沟通来说非常必要。此论文旨在揭示文化差异在社会习俗，宗教和习语方面的表现， 深入分析其内部原因，如生活环境，生活习惯和历史发展进程等因素，并提出在汉译方面的相应的归化与异化策略。笔者希望藉此能给出一些解决办法与建议，以消除因文化差异引起的误解，而帮助译者达到良好交际效果。　

关键词：文化差异； 原因； 汉译； 策略