Abstract: Recently, gender and age differences in language have aroused many researchers' interests. This thesis begins with “YOU+VP” this new syntactic structure in Chinese, by the questionnaire survey which investigates the sentence pattern of the usage of gender and age, respectively investigating from middle school students, college students, the middle-aged and the elderly these four groups between male and female and analyzed the survey results. Thus we learned that all ages of people have certain understandings of this sentence pattern, but the difference of colleges’ understandings is the smallest，the middle-aged people and the elderly know the least of this sentence and the difference of them is the largest. This study reveals the usage of the sentence pattern in the current state of the context and helps to strengthen the study between social factors and language change relationship.

Key words: syntactic variation; “YOU+VP”; gender difference; age difference

摘要：近来，语言的性别和年龄差异引起了许多研究者的兴趣。本文从“有+VP”这一汉语中新兴句法结构出发，通过对这一句型使用的性别和年龄段的问卷调查，分别从男性和女性的中学生、大学生、中年人、老年人四组进行调查，并对调查结果进行分析，由此得知，各个年龄阶段的人群对这个句型都有一定的了解，但是大学生了解程度的性别差异最小,而中老年人对这个句型了解最少，而且性别差异最大。本研究揭示了当前语境中该句型的实际使用状况，有助于加强社会因素与语言变化关系的研究。

关键词：句法变异；“有+VP”；性别差异;年龄差异