Abstract:Owing to the continuous controversies over English-only vs. bilingual education, language policy has come to the forefront of political debates in the United States. Even in the 20th century when more and more people realized the importance of learning a foreign language for economic, political and social benefits, the overwhelming majority supported or even initiated English-only movement and bilingual education was still severely opposed by most Americans. However, facing the needs of national security, American government has encouraged Americans to learn foreign languages in recent years. This seems to be a contradiction to its language policy in the past but it just indicates that the USA adjusts its specific policies according to situations. China’s language education, a part of language policy, currently needs reforming because of its many drawbacks such as its ignorance of mother tongue education and want of foreign language education planning, thus to meet our country’s needs for further development. This paper critically examines American language policy after the 20th century with the anticipation to draw some implications for language education in China.

Keywords: language policy; bilingual education; language education

Contents

Abstract

中文摘要

1. Introduction-1

2. Literature Review-3

2.1 Previous Studies-3

2.2 Language Policy-3

3. Language Policy of the United States after the 20th Century-4

3.1 The Bilingual Education-5

3.2 Official English Campaign-7

3.3 Attentions to Foreign Language Education in the 21st Century-10

4. Implications for Language Education in China-11

4.1 Enhancing Chinese Education and Improving the Awareness of Mother Tongue-12

4.2 Implementing Bilingual Education Properly-13

4.3 Taking an Overall View in Formulating Foreign Language Education Policy-13

5. Conclusion-14

Works Cited-16