| 法国年夜反动对于法国文明政策的构成和成长具有决议性的感化。在年夜反动之前,文明政策一向处于封建王权的掌控中,固然法国历代君王都对国度文明付与了极年夜的看重,乃至以王权为代表的文艺赞助政策延续数百年,但文明赞助照样处于显贵的掌控和把玩中,不具有公共的特色,平易近众很少能从文明赞助中享有权力。年夜反动迸发后,文明被推到风口浪尖上,在历经数载的曲折命运后,法国人将年夜反动中平易近主的思惟运用到文明中,国度承当起文艺著作的掩护义务,而全部平易近众是这份文明遗产的具有者。法国也是18世纪第一个将文明遗产法制化治理的国度,自此“平易近族文明遗产”登上了汗青的舞台,也是法国年夜反动中最值得自满的造诣。文明承载着一个平易近族的汗青,文明遗产无疑是平易近族身份认同的主要载体,所以法国人从这些汗青遗址中找到了平易近族归属感。从这时候起,文明不再是下层社会单独享用的物品,文明政策也演化成为国度公共政策的一部门。法国历届当局从未抓紧过对文明的看重,特殊是法国文明活着界的作用力方面。在经济全球化的配景下,当法国文明位置遭到美国挑衅时,法国人不管在交际上照样政治上都尽力追求走出窘境。“文明破例”、“文明多样性”是法国保卫外乡文明平安的又一举动,法国人清晰地认识到文明平安触及国度平安,年夜反动付与“文明平易近主化”光环不容蹂躏。 Abstract: French Revolution has a decisive effect on the formation and development of French civilization policy. Before the eve of the reactionary, policy of civilization has always been in the feudal monarchy of control, although French monarchs are the civilized nation entrusted to the pole of the eve of the value and by the kingship as the representative of the arts sponsorship policy continuation for hundreds of years, but sponsorship of civilization still in dignitary control and play in, does not have the characteristics of public, the peoples can seldom enjoys the power from the sponsorship of civilization. After the outbreak of the eve of the reactionary, civilization is pushed to the cusp, after several years of twists of fate, the French big reactionary in plain near the main thought of application to civilization, the country bear play cover obligations of literary and artistic works, and all the plain nearly all is this cultural heritage with. France is the first country in eighteenth Century to the legalization of civilized heritage, since then, the national heritage of civilization on the stage of history, but also the most worthy of the French Revolution in the most proud of the achievements of the revolution. Civilization bearing a national history, cultural heritage is undoubtedly the main carrier of ethnic identity, so the French from these historical sites to find a sense of belonging. From this time on, civilization is no longer a separate item in the lower society, and the civilization policy has evolved into a part of the national public policy. French authorities have never been to the value of civilization, especially the influence of the French civilization in the world. Under the background of economic globalization, when the position of the French civilization was provoked by the United States, the French people in the communication, so the political efforts to pursue out of the dilemma. "Make an exception of civilization", "cultural diversity" is France to defend the indigenous culture of peace and a move, French clearly recognize civilized and safe touch the national security, aura of the eve of the reactionary entrusts with "civilization democracy" can not be torn. 目录: 摘要 4 外文摘要 5-7 引言 7-9 第一章 动荡时期的文化政策 9-25 第一节 旧制度下的文艺资助 9-17 1 文化干预和文化政治的启动者—弗朗索瓦一世 10-12 2 作用至今的文化机构和政策 12-17 第二节 大革命时期的文化政令 17-25 1 大革命时期法令的矛盾性 18-21 2“vnadalsime”一词的产生与文艺保护的斗争 21-25 第二章“民族文化遗产”登上历史舞台 25-37 第一节“民族文化遗产”理念的提出 25-33 1 “国家”一词上升为核心 25-28 2 “民族文化遗产”理念的产生和作用 28-30 3 大革命后法国文化遗产保护的主要方法 30-33 第二节 大革命后博物馆角色的继承与转变 33-37 1 卢浮宫—公共博物馆的代表 33-35 2 博物馆的社会价值和作用力 35-37 第三章 大革命时期文化政策对当今法国的作用 37-47 第一节 “文化例外”折射文化安全意识 37-44 1 法国“文化例外”思想的提出 38-42 2 “文化例外”折射文化民主化和文化主权意识 42-44 第二节 从“文化例外”到“文化多样性” 44-47 结论 47-50 中文参考书目 50-53 致谢 53 |
