| 法公法分属于年夜陆法系,是年夜陆法系的典范代表,法国的行政法在司法范畴与世界其他国度比拟又是比拟完美的,法国之所以被称为“行政法的母国”,其行政法是相当蓬勃的,它创建的轨制和准绳不只被年夜陆法系国度所接收,并且也被通俗法系的国度所进修。法国行政法的成长是跟着行政法院的发生、成长而逐步成熟的。法国活着界上起首树立了由自力于司法体系之外的行政法院对行政权予以掌握的先河。其设立之目标是为了掩护行政权不受法院审讯权的不法干涉,其强调行政的自力性,这有着深入的实际基本和汗青配景。法国行政法院是国际司法审查范畴的一朵奇葩,为众人存眷。活着界规模内,常常以法国的行政法院轨制作为行政诉讼的典范,法国的行政诉讼有专门的行政法院审理,自力、周详的行政法院组织系统,专业的行政法官,严厉的履行轨制,对行政判例轨制的成长等是法国独具特点的行政法院轨制基本,发明了古代意义的行政法,完成了权利掌握、行政征询、人权保证和审讯专门化的功效。今朝,我国采用在通俗法院内设立行政审讯庭的行政审讯体系体例,这类体系体例在掩护国民、法人和其他组织的正当权益,保护监视行政主体依法行使权柄起到了积极的感化。但跟着社会主义法制国度的过程,我国国民的司法认识的赓续加强,行政审讯中涌现的成绩愈来愈多,这类审讯体系体例的弊病也日趋裸露。如法官专业性常识完善和行政经历缺乏;法官判案受同级当局的束缚;履行难;司法处所化和司法行政化等成绩,这极年夜地妨害了我国行政诉讼目标的完成。是以,本文试图剖析法国行政法院发生的实际基本、汗青演化,重点研究法国行政法院的重要轨制,并自创国际外其它国度的胜利经历,体系的对法国行政法院轨制停止评价,从中吸取对我国行政审讯轨制的有益经历,自创其经历,以便增进我国行政审讯轨制的改造和完美,乃至对于全部司法体系体例改造进一步走向深刻都具有异常主要的意义。 Abstract: Public law belongs to civil law, is a representative example of civil law, administrative law of France match is relatively perfect in judicial areas and other countries in the world, France is called the "administrative law country", the administrative law is quite vigorous, it creates the system and the principle of not only is big civil law countries received, and also by the common law country study. The growth of the French administrative law is followed by the occurrence of the administrative court, the growth and gradually mature. France in the world on the first set up by independent from the judicial system of the Administrative Court on the right to be a master of the precedent. Its goal is to protect the right of administrative power is not subject to the court trial of illegal interference, which emphasizes the independence of the administrative, which has a profound practical and historical background. The French administrative court is a wonderful work of the international judicial review category, for everyone to pay close attention to. On the scale of the world, the administrative court system in France is a model of administrative litigation, the administrative court system, the professional administrative judge, the strict implementation of the system, and the development of the administrative system of the legal system. At present, our country adopts the administrative trial system in the popular court to set up the administrative trial court, which protects the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations. But along with the process of the socialist legal system country, China's national judicial cognition is increasing ceaselessly, more and more achievements emerged in administrative trial, the trial system defects are becoming increasingly exposed. As a judge of common sense and improve the professional administrative judge is bound by the lack of experience; the authorities to perform;; judicial premises and judicial administration and other issues, this greatly hinders China's administrative litigation target. This paper tries to analyze the actual basic and historical evolution of the French administrative court, and focus on the important system of the administrative court of France, and the success of the international and other countries, the system of administrative court system in France, from which we can improve our country's administrative trial system reform and perfection. 目录: 摘要 5-6 Abstract 6-7 第1章 引言 10-11 第2章 法国行政法院制度概述 11-20 2.1 法国司法体制概述 11-12 2.1.1 法国司法体制的宪法规定 11 2.1.2 法国司法体制的特点 11-12 2.2 法国行政法院概况 12-14 2.2.1 最高行政法院 13 2.2.2 上诉行政法院 13-14 2.2.3 行政法庭 14 2.3 法国行政法院的产生、存续和历史沿革 14-20 2.3.1 法国行政法院产生的原因 14-16 2.3.2 法国行政法院存续的现实基础 16 2.3.3 法国行政法院发展的历史沿革 16-20 第3章 法国行政法院的主要制度 20-33 3.1 法国行政法院法官制度 20-22 3.1.1 行政法官高度专业化 20-21 3.1.2 行政法官与在职行政官员分离 21-22 3.1.3 法官的职业保障和法学地位 22 3.2 行政法院的组织制度 22-27 3.2.1 最高行政法院 22-24 3.2.2 上诉行政法院 24-25 3.2.3 地方行政法庭 25-26 3.2.4 权限争议法庭 26-27 3.2.5 专门行政法院 27 3.3 法国行政法院的诉讼制度 27-31 3.3.1 法国行政诉讼的准则 27-28 3.3.2 法国行政诉讼的一般特征 28-29 3.3.3 诉讼程序 29-30 3.3.4 上诉程序不中止判决执行力 30-31 3.4 行政判例制度 31-33 3.4.1 行政判例制度存在的价值基础 31-32 3.4.2 行政判例制度在功能上的略论 32-33 第4章 法国行政法院制度评价 33-40 4.1 当前法国行政法院制度的发展近况和改革方法 33-34 4.2 法国行政法院制度对大陆法系国家的作用 34-35 4.2.1 效仿法国行政法院制度的原因 34-35 4.2.2 对大陆法系国家作用 35 4.3 法国行政法院制度的评价与借鉴意义 35-40 4.3.1 法国行政法院制度的评价 35-37 4.3.2 借鉴意义 37-40 第5章 结论 40-41 致谢 41-42 参考文献 42-44 |
