| 本文重要在句法语义接口层面考核实词“给”的句法性质和语义内容。详细来讲,重要研究汉语四种“给”字句式,包含S1(NP1/V/gei/NP2/NP3),S2(NP1/V/NP3/gei/NP2), S3(NP1/gei/NP2/V/NP3), S4(NP1/V/NP2/NP3)和祈使句“给我”构造中“给”的句法地位和语义特征。另外,本文还考核了表主动领域的“给”的用法并将其与“被”的用法从句法和语义两方面作了比拟。“给”字词性庞杂多变,一向是研究的热点话题。本文重要从三个成绩着手对实词“给”停止研究。在普遍浏览文献时我们发明,有些动词可以同时进入句式S1和S4,而有些动词只能进入句式S1能力组成给字句。传统语法以为这是因为句式中的动词V的品种分歧,本文以为“给”字在句式S1和S4中涌现与否,重要与动词和“给”之间的句法语义关系有关。“给”被看做是一个轻动词,语音情势无关紧要,可以有用处理“给”字词性存在的争议。假如动词包括有显著的转移和赐与意义,那末动词可以同时进入句式S1和S4,“给”可以涌现也可不涌现；假如动词不包括有显著的赐与意义,这些动词只能进入句式S1,“给”字则必需涌现。分歧给字句中的“给我”构造也是本文的研究重点。在句式S2中“给我”标志为“给我”1,句式S3中“给我”构造标志为“给我”21。因为祈使句的构造与句式s3类似,所以“给我”构造在祈使句中被称为“给我”22。“给我”1中“给”处于句法中的介词地位上,有引进受事成份的感化。“给我”21意义庞杂,限于篇幅不作为研究重点。“给我”22在本研究中被看做是动词的附加语,起到增强句子语气的感化。经由过程对“给我”构造的剖析,研究发明“给”字前后的成份和给字句的句式意义作用着“给”的句法语义特征。本研究还对主动领域的“给”停止了剖析,并把它与古代汉语中的主动标志“被”做了比拟。经由过程句法语义接口层面的剖析可以得出,主动领域的“给”和“被”在句法和语义上都有所分歧。虽然“给”和“被”都看做是轻动词,然则“被”是一个强主动标志,处于下层的轻动词地位,而“给”处于基层的轻动词地位。轻动词“给”的涌现使得动词的及物性弱化,起到了去及物化的感化。研究还发明,“被”,“把”和主动领域“给”三者之间的句法地位关系,“被”处于最高地位,“把”位于中央的轻动词地位,“给”处于最基层的轻动词地位。本文在句法语义层面的研究对懂得“给”字的句法语义特征有必定的启发,特殊是把“给”看作轻动词防止了对“给”字词性存在的争议。 Abstract: This is important in the syntax semantics interface level appraisal words "give" syntactic properties and semantic content. In detail, and important to the study of Chinese four "to" the word sentence, including S1 (NP1/V/gei/NP2/NP3), S2 (NP1/V/NP3/gei/NP2), S3 (NP1/gei/NP2/V/NP3) and S4 (NP1/V/NP2/NP3) and imperative sentence "give me" structure "to" the syntactic status and semantic features. In addition, this paper also examines the use of the "give" in the active field of the table and compare it with the two aspects of "being". "To" the character of the complex and changeable, has always been a hot topic of discussion. This article from the three grades of words "to" study. In the general view of the literature we found that some verbs can enter the sentence S1 and S4, and some verbs can only enter the sentence S1 ability to form the sentence. Traditional grammar thinks this is because of the differences between the V of the verb in the sentence, this article thinks that "give" the word in the sentence S1 and S4 in the emergence or not, it is important and the verb and "give" the meaning of the relationship between the syntax of the sentence. "Give" is seen as a light verb, the voice situation does not matter, it can be useful to deal with the word "to" the existence of the dispute. If verbs include a significant transfer and given meaning, the verb can also into the sentence S1 and S4, "to" can emerge may or may not emerge; if the verb does not include significant given meaning. These verbs can only enter S1 sentence, "to" the word must emerge. The construction of "give me" in the sentence is the focus of this paper. In the sentence S2 "give me" mark as "give me" 1, "give me" in the sentence "give me" the construction mark for "give me" 21. Because of the imperative sentences and sentence structure similar to S3, so the "gimme" structure in the imperative sentence is called "give me 22". "Give me 1" to "in the position of preposition in syntax, with the introduction of ingredients affect the patient. "Give me" 21 sense of complexity, limited space is not the focus of the study. "Give me" 22 in this study is seen as a verb adjunct, to enhance the effect of the tone of the sentence. Through the process of "give me" the structure of the analysis, research and invention "to" the word before and after the composition and to the sentence meaning of the sentence to "give" the meaning of the sentence meaning of french. This seminar also on the active area of the "to" analysis, and it with the active signs in ancient Chinese "was" to do a comparison. Through the analysis of the syntactic and semantic interface level, it can be concluded that the "giving" and "being" in the active domain are different in syntax and semantics. Although the "give" and "be" are seen as a light verb, but "being" is a strong active sign, in the lower part of the light verb position, and "give" at the grass-roots level of the light verb. The emergence of the light verb "give" makes the verb and the weakening of the nature of the verb, played a role in the process of. Study also found that "is", and "the" and syntactic position relationship between the field of active "to" and "to be" in the highest position, the central light verb position, "to" in the basic status of light verbs. In this paper, the study of the syntax and semantics of the word to understand the word "to" the meaning of the characters have a certain meaning of the word "to" the meaning of the "give" as a light verb to prevent the "give" the existence of the word. 目录: |
