| 在外语进修与研究中,时态一向是一个热门成绩。对于二外是法语的英语系的进修者来讲,他们常常会在情势类似的英法时态运用中出错误,重要表示在时态意义的隐约和混杂。本论文针对此种景象存在的广泛性,对英语和法语的时态做了体系性的摸索和研究。本文彩用共时研究及比较研究的办法,依据薄冰对时态的分类和Comrie对时态中症结概念(时和体,完成体和未完成体)的界说,在以英语时态的分类的基本上对法语做了响应的分类并从情势及意义方面做了具体的论述,以后对于在英语和法语中表达雷同的体意义的时态经由与时的概念的联合,对其做了详实的比较剖析,从中发明这些时态的雷同点和分歧点。经由过程比较剖析英法时态,发明先前在情势上类似的时态在体意义上既存在类似点也存在分歧点,同时,貌似不类似的时态在体意义中却存在雷同点。别的,称号上邻近的时态在乎义上却没有任何接洽。终究比较剖析注解具有雷同体意义的时态的对应上其实不只是一对一情势,更多的是一对多的情势。这些比较剖析的成果无疑为英语和法语时态的进修供给了一个新的视角,使进修者可以或许在更周全的体系进修中去控制和应用时态的常识。此研究为往后的研究者从句法实际动身摸索英语时态和法语时态的生成供给了基本性的研究。 Abstract: In foreign language learning and research, the temporal has always been a hot performance. A second language is French English major learners, they often make mistakes in the application of English tense situation in the similar method, the important significance and said in a tense vaguely mixed. In this paper, the existence of such a wide range of English and French tense to do a systematic exploration and research. To study and comparative study in this paper is based on the temporal color, ice classification and Comrie on the key concepts of temporal (and in the body, perfective and imperfective) definition, classification of English tenses in the basically on the response of the French classification and from the situation and significance of doing a detailed discussion about the expression, after the same meaning in English and French in the temporal and the concept of the joint through the comparison analysis, detailed, from the invention of these temporal similarities and differences. Through comparative analysis of the English and French tense, the invention has the same time in the form of similar time in the body of the same point, while the same time, seemingly not similar to the same point in the sense of the same point. In other, the name of the adjacent to the tense, but there is no contact. After all, it is not only a form of a pair of situations, but more of a pair of forms, which is more and more. These comparative analysis of the results will undoubtedly provide a new perspective for the study of English and French tense, so that learners may be in a more comprehensive system to control and use the knowledge of the temporal. This study is a basic research on the formation of the English tense and the French tense. 目录: Declaration 5-6 Acknowledgements 6-7 Abstract 7 摘要 8-9 Contents 9-13 List of Tables 13-14 List of Figures 14-15 Chapter 1 Introduction 15-18 1.1 Research Background 15-16 1.2 Objectives and Research Method 16-17 1.3 Layout of the Thesis 17-18 Chapter 2 Literature Review 18-32 2.1 Working Definition of Major Concepts in the Study 18-25 2.1.1 Tense and Aspect 18-22 2.1.1.1 Tense 19-20 2.1.1.2 Aspect 20-22 2.1.2 Tense and Aspect in French 22-23 2.1.3 Interaction between Tense and Aspect 23-25 2.1.4 Meaning and Implicature 25 2.2 Influential Models for English Tense-Aspect System 25-32 2.2.1 Comrie's Tense-Aspect Model 25-26 2.2.2 Quirk's Tense-Aspect Model 26-28 2.2 3 Bo Bing's Tense-Aspect Model 28-30 2.2.4 Brief Comments on the Present Models 30-32 Chapter 3 TENSES in English and in French 32-48 3.1 English TENSES 32-39 3.1.1 Simple TENSES 32-34 3.1.1.1 Simple Present TENSE 32-33 3.1.1.2 Simple Past TENSE 33-34 3.1.1.3 Simple Future TENSE 34 3.1.2 Perfect TENSE 34-36 3.1.2.1 Present Perfect TENSE 34-36 3.1.2.2 Past Perfect TENSE 36 3.1.2.3 Future Perfect TENSE 36 3.1.3 Progressive TENSES 36-38 3.1.3.1 Present Progressive TENSE 37 3.1.3.2 Past Progressive TENSE 37-38 3.1.3.3 Future Progressive TENSE 38 3.1.4 Perfect Progressive TENSES 38-39 3.1.4.1 Present Perfect Progressive TENSE 38 3.1.4.2 Past Perfect Progressive TENSE 38-39 3.1.4.3 Future Perfect Progressive TENSE 39 3.2 French TENSES 39-48 3.2.1 Simple TENSES(Imperfect TENSES) 39-43 3.2.1.1 Le Present de L'indicatif 39-40 3.2.1.2 L'imparfait de L'indicatif 40-42 3.2.1.3 Le Passe Simple 42 3.2.1.4 Le Futur Simple 42-43 3.2.2 Compound TENSES(Perfect TENSES) 43-48 3.2.2.1 Le Passe Compose 43-44 3.2.2.2 Le Plus-que-parfait de L'indicatif 44-45 3.2.2.3 Le Futur Anterieur 45-46 3.2.2.4 Le Passe Anterieur 46-48 Chapter 4 Comparison of English TENSE and French TENSE 48-77 4.1 Major TENSES Composed of Perfective and Progressive/Imperfective 48-51 4.1.1 English TENSES Composed of Perfective and Progressive 48-49 4.1.2 Major French TENSES Composed of Perfective and Imperfective 49-51 4.2 Perfective TENSES 51-58 4.2.1 Perfective Present TENSE in English and French 52-54 4.2.1.1 The Similarities between the Present Perfect TENSE and Le Passe Compose 52-53 4.2.1.2 The Differences between the Present Perfect TENSE and Le Passe Compose 53-54 4.2.2 Perfective Past TENSE in English and French 54-57 4.2.2.1 The Similarities of the Past Perfect TENSE and Le Passe Compose, Le Passe Simple and Le Plus-que-parfait de L'indicatif 55-56 4.2.2.2 The Differences of the Past Perfect TENSE and Le Passe Anterieur and Le Plus-que-parfait de L'indicatif 56-57 4.2.3 Perfective Future TENSE in English and French 57-58 4.2.3.1 The Similarities between the Future Perfect TENSE in English and Le Futur Antetieur in French 57 4.2.3.2 The Differences between the Future Perfect TENSE in English and Le Futur Antetieur in French 57-58 4.3 Imperfective and Progressive TENSES 58-67 4.3.1 Progressive/Imperfective Present TENSE in English and French 59-62 4.3.1.1 The Similarities between the Present Progressive Tense and Le Present de L'indicatif 59-61 4.3.1.2 The Differences between the Present Progressive TENSE and Le Present 61-62 4.3.2 Progressive/Imperfective Past TENSE in English and French 62-65 4.3.2.1 The Similarities between the Past Progressive TENSE and L'imparfait de L'indicadif 63-64 4.3.2.2 The Differences between the Past Progressive TENSE and L'imparfait de L'indicadif 64-65 4.3.3 Progressive/Imperfective Future TENSE in English and French 65-67 4.3.3.1 The Similarities between the Future Progressive Tense and Le Futur Simple 65 4.3.3.2 The Differences between the Future Progressive Tense and Le Futur Simple 65-67 4.4 the Comparison of Other Simple TENSES in English and French 67-77 4.4.1 Simple Present TENSE in English and French 68-70 4.4.1.1 Simple Present TENSE in English 68 4.4.1.2 Simple Present TENSE in French 68-70 4.4.2 Simple Past TENSE in English and French 70-72 4.4.2.1 Simple Past TENSE in English 70-71 4.4.2.2 Simple Past TENSE in French 71-72 4.4.3 Simple Future TENSE in English and French 72-77 4.4.3.1 Simple Future TENSE in English 73-74 4.4.3.2 Simple Future TENSE in French 74-77 Chapter 5 Conclusion 77-81 5.1 Major Findings of this Study 77-79 5.2 Implications 79-80 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions 80-81 Abbreviations 81-82 References 82-84 |
