In twentieth Century after an obvious change of world economy for twenty years is the process of the growth of many China degrees from the authorities led transition to a market economy. One of the most obvious differences and also has the characteristics of a distinct transformation is Chinese and russia. Russia and China in 20 centuries ago half produced a communist revolution and in the process of economic strive to fulfill socialist commune rail system of social production running guarantee system. However, with a strong central planning economy period gradually closing, China and Russia are beginning to market economy. The late 1970's reform in China, as a model of "progressive transformation, eye on global economic accomplishments in the past 35 years, in at the beginning of the 21st century and become the propelling force of the world economy to increase the strongest. On the other hand, Russia in the social upheaval, from the early 1990's, the implementation of the "shock therapy, forced into the market economy system of agile transition style. "Progressive" and "shock therapy" transformation of two kinds of entirely different from birth began to exist great controversy. The process of economic transformation and China Russia but also to be widespread concern. Reality, although in the early 1990s, the Oriental economist once widely agree that the economy from planning to market transition of two changes: stability (that is, solid microeconomic policies, useful for mastering inflation and adhere to the international import and equilibrium); Liberalization (by the market and not the power of authorities to institutions to decide market price); public ownership of the means of production (production material from the authorities to the private transfer). However, economists about the change process is not different. Sino Russian supply incremental type and conservative type two kinds of paradigm, through more than 20 years of theory were obtained is the eve of the development and achievement of today, economists generally believe, in the process of market economy of the two paradigms and no relative accuracy, policymakers must United Nations economic reality and transformation process of detailed performance analysis of reality, and ceaseless promotion effect of market economy following the clue to the overall economic transformation, China and Russia in the financial field is separated implementation of the progressive and conservative approach to start the transformation. Although the way of transformation between the two countries is a big difference, however transformation pathway is a big difference in fact could not conceal the personality of financial reform in China and Russia, namely overall are authorities stepped in and promote, from top to bottom to stop the transformation. Specifically, the difference in performance and there is no basic earthquake had the benefits of format, in the composition of China's financial system reform and a new framework for, but through the years pace, phased pilot, later take response reconstruction was established. Between Russia and in the beginning of the transformation is the format of financial system implement large-scale and quickly all change, directly shook the benefits the original format, and in order to speed up the process, the Russian authorities to implement the financial liberalization policy, comprising a silver cross the freedom to operate, financial business liberalization, financial price liberalization and industry into the liberalization. These policies make Russia in a relatively short period of time to establish a financial system framework with the booming economy of country market. Obviously, the system control differences transition way, have different effects on the financial system will change. In the conservative form, the Russian style of the old financial system in a relatively short time constraint free, quickly set up a new and adapt to the market demand for financial system. At present, Russia in the financial sector has initially established a highly open market oriented financial system, the progress of finance to economic stimulative effect to lay a certain basic. It is worth noting that the current financial reform process Chinese category, relative to all the economic system reform, still lags behind. On the one hand, the absolute monopoly and the absolute closure of the financial sector in the face of market economy growth is too conservative, in large limits the financial operation efficiency and reduce the operation of all the economic effect, on the other hand, the absolute closure of the financial industry also praise help China prevent the Asian financial crisis, the U.S. sub loan crisis repeatedly the international financial turmoil impact. At the same time because of the increased Chinese business, international import state superior, foreign exchange reserves increase continuously. Is, although further financial reform should open its financial market, financial liberalization, but in China's financial reform theory is not without resistance, especially on whether it should accelerate transformation process has not been universal resonance. In this sense, to discuss Russia's financial growth status and effect on China's next financial reform has extremely significance. Since twenty-first Century, the insurance industry China obtained the sufficient growth, competition is more serious. But overall, China's insurance industry in developed countries and the absolute growth of the very big disparity. Special is one of the three carriages "as the financial industry" of the insurance industry, a great range of assets, touch customers vast, social development is "stable" and "booster of economic growth". In the growth of emerging market economies transition, social security rail system reform definitely missing or slow and stimulate the vast social performance, is to trade insurance for transition countries social transformation has very strong policy compensation effect. Current insurance industry also withstand the market structure and business channels in the fierce change test, insurance is also the actual in ceaseless update, need more conform to the economy and their growth. And under the existing level of development, our country insurance company itself effect is absolutely low, along with the capital market gradually open up, competition in the insurance industry will be from the channel, the scope to risk operation, fine management, fierce competition will not weaken will strengthen. If cannot use the useful way to promote China's insurance companies increases the effectiveness of growth and progress, the end in superior win and the inferior wash out under the market mechanism, international capital enter, the change of market structure will to our country insurance industry bring great impact. This article from the perspective of comparative study, to Russia as an important comparative analysis of China's insurance industry, discuss the real effect, and this is basically a profound discussion of China's insurance industry effect. Because of the complex insurance effect on the economy. In the display effect at the same time, for various types of civil economic aggregate target such as social disasters and accidents loss total, total social financing, unemployment total and the GDP etc. all have obvious effect. To study effect of the insurance industry should not only shelter in the perspective of insurance benefits shall also consider the study of insurance industry of micro Ya effect and micro effect. This research is more comprehensive and reasonable. Based on the above analysis, this paper set out from the validity of the insurance industry, using data envelopment analysis and total factor productivity analysis method, empirical and the analysis of the China and Russia's insurance industry micro Ya effect and micro effect. And this is basically the assessment of the situation and the insurance system as the micro solid and effectiveness of dialectical unity relationship. This paper uses 2017 to 2017 Chinese 15 insurance companies and 14 insurance companies in Russia, a total of 29 large insurance companies, collected the sample institutions 3 input 3 output data. Literature research validity of this study and with reference to the international insurance industry, using data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, to two major insurance companies stop computational efficiency and variables comparative analysis, summed up the results of each time period comparative analysis of the data. The effectiveness of the insurance industry from the perspective of the average skill, China 2017 to 2017 the insurance industry has always been a loss in the 0 uniform effect. 7 you, the effect is moderate. In contrast, Russia has always been maintained at 0. High power domain of more than 9, the insurance company Chinese notes the overall effectiveness of the gap between large and Russian skills. Because skill effect can be further differentiated into pure technical efficiency and scale effect, further examination of invention: the gaps of the two insurance companies is the eve of the binding targets is pure technical efficiency, pure skill effect reaction is company's operation level of management, is from the results of empirical research can be said that Russia's insurance company management level is higher than the insurance company of China. The author thinks that three aspects of the formation of the scene such as. First, market operation of the main number less, state-owned insurance companies in the market dominant, other company is not large, adverse to the market constitute sufficient effective competition. Although the number of insurance companies in China is increasing year by year, in 2017 reached 150, however with Russia's insurance market gradually engrave jig after more than 400 subjects than is less and in several of China's state owned insurance company total assets and market share occupy a high proportion of, formed the oligopoly market. Is to accelerate the opening of the insurance market construction superior atmosphere will be beneficial to the promotion of market competition and the effectiveness of company operation effectiveness. Second, the insurance market is still in the stage of intensive operation scope of competition, insurance companies tend to get money to expand premium expenditure, see retransmission sell deeds and accumulate funds to, and focus on company management degree is not enough, industry emerged overall professional quality is not high, the high-end talent net job. Vhao. Net, a serious lack of talent network job. Vhao. Net's loss is serious and the scene. General professional talent network job. Vhao. Net is more beneficial to the company operation management progress pure expansion effect, double careful risk control. Third, the insurance investment channel is narrow, investment income is low, the risk management ability improvement. China's insurance industry operation movement once from the previous pure operating insurance business to enlarge the ends of the assets and liabilities, business, multi-channel investment income can may fill insurance business losses and greasy slippery operating insurance business risk. Further, in terms of the total factor production rate perspective, the application of multiple targets to measure the relationship between insurance industry development and economic growth, the empirical results of this annotation in the past 30 years, China's insurance industry no matter from a range of still depth, rapid growth, but also far more than the same period of economic increase. However, China's total factor production rate has resolution action and progress of the growth of the insurance industry of our country birth rate did not significantly affect the growth of the insurance industry. This shows once again the overall operation of China's insurance industry efficiency is still not high. The identity of the barriers of China's insurance industry growth, which is not conducive to the full insurance effect. And Russia's insurance industry growth and total factor productivity between the mutual overflow, China's insurance industry and compare the effectiveness of higher. However, is worth pointing out that, although no matter about China's economy still for Russia's economy, total factor production rate of insurance industry increased and the growth mainly Lasheng role. But with flourishing nation, even compared to other emerging Asian countries, their insurance belongings, no matter in the still insurance density on the depth, there are still more of the eve of the gap, also has more of the eve of the future growth potential. Based on effect of comparative analysis, this paper points out that China's future growth of insurance industry policy recommendations: understand insurance substantive significance and cast the insurance risk transfer supply assurance instinct function; from the rail of absorbing the experience of Russia and accelerate the process of the insurance market; promotion insurance insurance industry operation effect; perfect insurance regulation, promotion regulation; insurance industry to speed up the innovation measures, to drive the innovation insurance industry health growth. 目录: |
