| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，俄语论文，内容请直接查看目录。） 世界全球化的趋向招致世界走向相同与模拟,英语、法语、俄语一些强势说话挤压弱势说话的生计空间,说话的品种削减。据结合国教科文组织统计,至本世纪末,世界将有一半以上的说话会消逝,而平易近族说话文字是平易近族生计的标记,列国在保护国度同一和国语位置的准则下,以尽可能保护平易近族说话的说话权,完成文明多样性为目标,出台了一系列对于说话和文字的司法、律例。俄罗斯在其历久的国土扩大进程中,树立了多平易近族、多说话的国度,苏联履行“俄罗斯化”“俄语化”政策,很多平易近族说话,如哈萨克语、鞑靼语等自愿运用基里尔字母,平易近族语的生计状况被疏忽。积聚的平易近族、说话成绩终究成为苏联崩溃的导火索。苏联崩溃后,不只前加盟共和国纷纭实行“去俄语化”政策,并且在俄罗斯外部的各共和国也掀起了如许一种风潮,纷纭请求说话的自力,各平易近族说话背负了繁重的政治和权利奋斗的“累赘”。在这类配景下,俄罗斯联邦和鞑靼斯坦共和国分离制订了《俄罗斯联邦平易近族说话法》和《鞑靼斯坦共和公民族说话法》,对它们的研究对于掩护说话多样性有很好的自创意义。本文第一章引见了研究意义、研究办法、研究现状。第二章阐述了俄罗斯联邦制订该法的平易近族和说话方面的实际需求及其实际基本。俄罗斯多平易近族和多说话的现状,俄语与平易近族说话之间的、平易近族说话互相间的抵触和抵触,和苏联崩溃后出现出的庞杂的社会配景,这些都是该法制订的实际请求。说话权在国际规模内遭到必定的认可和看重,说话权是《俄罗斯联邦平易近族说话法》制订的实际基本。第三章重点讲述了该法制订的根本准绳、该法的根本内容和修正,该法在保持俄语国语位置基本上,以对等的精力,掩护、传承各平易近族说话,包管平易近族说话的运用。该法根本内容明白了说话对等,划定了说话在各个部分、机关、场所的运用和背犯说话法应负的义务。第四章则以鞑靼斯坦共和公民族说话法的实行作为案例剖析,探寻在实行进程中涌现的部门成绩,进而反应出俄罗斯联邦平易近族说话法的实行状态,并加以总结。《俄罗斯联邦平易近族说话法》对于掩护俄罗斯联邦说话多样性起到了必定的感化,但实行情形其实不幻想,平易近族说话的生计空间依然遭到挤压,掩护说话多样性任重而道远。 Abstract: The trend of globalization of the world and the world to lead to the same simulation, English, French, Russian, some strong weak speaking living space to squeeze, to cut varieties. According to the United Nations Educational, scientific and Cultural Organization statistics, to the end of the century, the world will have more than half of the talk will fade, and ethnic language written language is mark of peoples livelihood, countries in protecting national unity under the principle of a Mandarin and position, as possible protection plain near family talk talk in completed diverse civilizations of as the goal, the introduction of the a series of talk and text on the justice and the statutes. Russia in its long-term land enlargement, and establish a plain near family, much talk of the nation, the Soviet Union to fulfill "Russia" "Russification" policy, many ethnic groups speaking, such as Kazakh language, Tatar and voluntary application of Kirill letters, the living conditions of ethnic language is ignored. The accumulation of the nation, the results speak eventually become the collapse of the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, not only before joining diverse Republic Implementation of to the Russian "policy, and in Russia's external republics also set off such a trend, diverse request speak independent, the plain near family speak bear the heavy political and to the right of the struggle of" burden ". Under this kind of background, the Russian Federation and Tatarstan Republic separation formulated the Russian plain near family talk "and" Tatarstan Republic National Talk ", on their studies about cover speak diversity is a good reference. The first chapter introduces the research significance, research methods, research status. The second chapter expounds the actual demand of the Russian Federation's formulation of the law of the nation and speak basic and practical. Russian ethnic and speak of the status quo, Russian and plain near family talk between, plain near family talk each other between conflict and conflict, and after the collapse of the Soviet Union of the complex social background, these are the legal order of the actual request. Right to speak must be recognized and valued by the international scope, the right to speak is "making Russia people speak the actual basic law". In the third chapter, the author tells the story of the fundamental content and modification of the legal order of the basic principle, the method, the method in maintaining the basic position of the Russian language, with equal energy, cover, inheritance of all ethnic groups to speak, ensure the plain near family speak of applications. The basic content of the law understand speak equivalence, delimit speak in each part, organs, places of application and make law of obligations to talk back. In chapter four, in the Tatarstan Republic National Talk implementation as a case analysis of in the implementation process, the emergence of the sector results and reflect Russia plain near family talk to implement state, and summarized. The Russian plain speaking ethnic law "on the cover of the Russian Federation to speak a variety of up to a certain role, but in practice situation actually not fantasy, plain near family speak the living room still squeezed, cover speak diversity go15. 目录: |
