级酒店，位于泰国湾的Koh Kood岛屿上。在这个特别的小岛上，荷兰建筑师事务所24H>architecture设计了一系列生态的标志来凸显SixSenses“设计融于自然”的特色。最突出的是儿童活动和学习中心，这将为来访的孩子们提供广泛而又寓教于乐的活动来提高他们的生态意识水平。这个建筑空间像是一个小洞穴，设有电影、演讲及礼堂，还设有保存当地传统及永久性文化书籍的图书馆、一间画室和一间时尚影音室，让孩子们在玩耍的同时激发创造力和生态意识。 The 4 rooms in the interior are the 'organs' inside the animal. Local rattan was used to construct these organically shaped volumes and plantation river red gum wood was used for the floor. In the front, a balcony provides an amazing view over the resort's bay. The walls of rooms are made from mosquito netting, clad with bamboo sawdust, red soil, white sand or wood chippings, giving each room it's own atmosphere and identity. On the inside, the Music Room is insulated with cellulose insulation and clad with note music. In the centre, the circular steps of the stairs form a small theatre or cinema with a rattan chill balcony above, shaped like a blowfish (in thai: pla pakpao). For the children's safety, all doors and windows are made from acrylic. Design process The main challenge of the project was to make a contemporary design with a traditional material. Therefore, material and design research had to be made and experts had to be consulted during the design process. Besides a 3D computer model, a big 1:30 scale model was built helping designing the bamboo structure. This model was tested in the windtunnel of Thammasat University in Bangkok, supervised by the engineering company Ove Arup. Furthermore, Pai Tong bamboo has been tested on tension, compression, shear and bending in the King Mongkut Institute of Technology in Bangkok. Being one of the most experienced bamboo builders in the world, Jorg Stamm from Eco Bamboo was consulted. Project architect Olav Bruin joined a bamboo workshop by Stamm in Germany and visited impressive bamboo structures in Bali which Stamm built over the past years. Bringing in Stamm's bamboo expertise was crucial in the realization of this project since bamboo is a very specific building material which is very light and strong but also vulnerable to termites and climate, if not applied properly. Therefore, all bamboo has been treated with Boron, a natural salt based treatment, to protect it from termites and other insects. In addition, 'protect by design' has been applied by elevating the bamboo minimal 30cm from the ground and protecting the whole structure from direct rain and UV light by the cantilevered roof. Rule of thumb is to cantilever the roof 1m for every 2m height of the wall or column. Construction All beams have been generated from a 3D computer model. For making the curved beams, the individual bamboos have been heated 1 hour in a specially developed steam oven, after which they were assembled in an adjustable formwork with a coordinate system, forming each of the more than 70 individually curved beams. The structure uses a mix of modern and traditional joining techniques. Due to the heavy loads in the 12m high and 28m wide structure, bolted joints were used for the main structure. At these joints, the bamboo has been filled with a cement injection to prevent the bamboo from splitting. For the secondary roof- and belly-structure, bamboo dowels were mainly used in combination with rattan which was winded around the bamboo bundles. The roof consists of a ceiling of split bamboo with a waterproof membrane on top, covered with bamboo shingles. Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most widely used building materials in the world, but mainly by poor people. Therefore, it's nickname is the 'poor man's timber' and as soon as people have enough money they will build a house of stone or concrete. The aim of the project is to chance the bad reputation of bamboo and inspire people and architects by showing that it is an amazingly beautiful material which is also suited for making modern architecture. Besides, bamboo is one of the most environment-friendly building materials. It can be harvested after 4-5 years when the bamboo is strong enough for structural purposes. Since the bamboo plant grows new shoots each year, it won't die by harvesting the 4-5 year old ones. It's a continuous process of harvesting and growing. This in comparison to a tree which takes over 40 years to grow before being useful for construction. The main structure has been made using Pai Tong bamboo (Dendracolamus asper) in lengths up to 9m and a diametre of 10-13cm. The secondary roof- and ‘belly’ structure is made from Pai Liang bamboo (Bambusa multiplex) in 4m lengths and a diametre around 5cm. Both types of bamboo come from plantations in the neighboring Thai province of Prachinburi. |
