| “使”字句是指带有“使”字且表现导致意义的句式。它是古代汉语中表达导致意义的典范句式，运用频率很高。但晚期的研究者把它放在兼语句的一个小类里商量，法语论文，着重于剖析“使”的词性和“使”字句的句法构造，真正把“使”字句作为一个句式停止专门研究的文献其实不多。为了充足熟悉“使”字句的语法位置和运用价值，本文试图在已有研究的基本上，对“使”字句停止比拟周全的剖析。全文共分5部门。第一部门解释“使”字句的认知基本是施力争式，它是在人类经历中常常见到的景象的完形构造只要在力的感化下物体才会挪动或变更；力的感化须要接触，是以施力者必需位于物体邻近，力的感化先于物体挪动或变更。第二部门剖析了“使”字句的语义要素、句式语义和语义特点。第三部门对“使”的词性和“使”字句的句法构造提出我们的不雅点。我们以为，“使”字在语法特色上属于动词的偏向性要年夜于介词，是以本文把“使”处置为动词。从“使”的词性和“使”字句句法语义构成成份的特色来看，我们分离对使字句导致者、被使者、导致力和导致成果停止了剖析。第四部门我们剖析了“使”字句和“把”字句的句式特点并给出了“使”字句和“把”字句互相转换的前提。第五部门对“使”字句的停止了认知说明。 Abstract: "Make" sentence is a sentence with "make" and the meaning of expression. It is an example of the significance of the expression of the ancient Chinese sentence pattern, the application of high frequency. But later researchers to it on and statements in a small class discussion, focuses on the part of speech of analyzing the "to" and "making of" syntactic structure, really put the sentence as a sentence stop specialized research literature, not much. To plenty of familiar words grammar position and application value, this paper attempts to based on the existing research on the sentence to carry on the comparison and comprehensive analysis. Full text is divided into 5 departments. Interpret the first Department "to" sentence cognitive basic is strive to type, it is in human experience can often see the scene of Gestalt structure as long as under the action of force object will move or change; the action of force need to contact, to the giver of force must be located in the nearby objects, the force action prior to objects to move or change. The second section analyzes the semantic elements, semantic features and semantic features of the "make" sentence. The third part of the "make" part of speech and "to make" the syntactic structure of the sentence put forward our point of view. We believe that, "the" word on the grammatical characteristics belonging to the verb bias to the eve of the preposition to the "enable" disposal of the verb. From the point of view "to" part of speech and the sentence syntactic and semantic composition characteristics, we isolated of words caused, Messenger, resulting in force and leads to the results of analysis. Part four we analysis the "enable" sentence and the sentence features and gives the "enable" words and the premise of mutual conversion between the words. The fifth section of the "make" to stop the cognitive instructions. 目录: 中文摘要 4-5 英文摘要 5 目录 6-7 引言 7-9 1、“使”字句的认知基础 9-12 1．1 理论背景：意象图式和隐喻 9-10 1．2 “使”字句的认知基础：施力图式 10-12 2、“使”字句的语义略论 12-22 2．1 “使”字句的语义要素 12-13 2．2 “使”字句的语义表现 13-19 2．3 “使”字句的句式语义 19-22 3、“使”字句的句法特征 22-29 3．1 “使”的词性 22-23 3．2 “使”字句的句法结构 23-29 4、“使”字句和“把”字句比较 29-41 4．1 “使”字句和“把”字句的句式特征 29 4．2 “使”字句和“把”字句的差别 29-33 4．3 “把”和“使”互相置换 33-41 5、“使”字句的认知解释 41-45 5．1 “使”字句的象似性 41-43 5．2 “使”字句的主观化 43-45 结语 45-46 参考文献 46-48 |
