| 本文重要评论辩论古代汉语中表现熟悉神态意义的神态动词“要”和“会”在句法、语义上的异同。熟悉神态指措辞人对命题为真的能够性或必定性的意见或立场，是神态体系中主要的构成部门。文章拔取句法、语义上类似的两个神态动词“要、会”作为研究对象，从微不雅角度过细地剖析两个神态动词在相干意义上的个性与异同。文章起首描写了表现熟悉神态意义的“要、会”可以或许涌现的句式，对这些详细句式停止了具体的剖析，并依据这些句式中“要、会”的表示出的意义，在熟悉神态之下对“要、会”表达的语义停止了再分类。我们发明，从句式表示下去看，“要”、“会”具有较年夜的个性，它们可以涌现在“([主体]/)[前提]/‘要/会’/[事宜]”(如：你不听奉劝要懊悔的。)、“[主体]/‘要/会’/[事宜]”(如：人总会逝世的。)句式中，表现对详细事宜或普通纪律性事宜产生的必定性或能够性的猜测；可以涌现在“[主体]/[时光]/[事宜]”或“[时光]/[主体]/[事宜]”小句中(如：要下雨了。)，表达时光大将产生的意义。涌现在以上句式中时，“要、会”在时光上都指向未来。同时，这两个神态动词也存在必定的差别，它们涌现在分歧句式中的才能分歧，并且它们可以进入一些特别的句式中表达固定的意义。在分类的基本上，我们依据“要、会”与描述词、动词性成份、主语名词、副词等成份的共现限制对它们停止了剖析，不雅察它们在相干句法限制上的差异，从而发明它们在语法功效性质上的差别。我们发明，“要”表现熟悉意义时遭到的句法限制比“会”更多。这重要表示在：起首，与谓词性成份配合涌现时，“要”表示出显著的静态性，与静态动词、表现静态连续的体标志“着”搭配受限制，法语论文，而与静态性、终结性较强的动词搭配频率较高且较自在；其次，表达时光意义时，“要”比拟自在而“会”受限制，当句中明白涌现凸显时光意义的副词“立时”或语气词“了”时，这一限制加倍显著；然则“要”表现的未来时光意义显著具有近未来的特点；再次，在语义强度上，“要”显著强于“会”，法语论文题目，这也限制了“要”与一些成份，诸如副词“才、只”的配合涌现，同时，“要”缺少否认情势和“V不V”类的疑问情势；最初，情绪意义对“要”的制约非常显著，“要”的宾语显著具有对主语、措辞人的晦气的语义偏向，这表现了措辞人的客观性不雅点。别的，文章还自创其他说话的相干结论，试图评论辩论“要”表达熟悉神态和未来意义时的接洽。 Abstract: This article reviews the debate on the performance of Chinese in the ancient Chinese expressions familiar with the expression of the meaning of the verb "to" and "will" in the syntax, semantic differences. Be familiar with the expression of the person that the expression is true to the proposition is the opinion or position that can be sex or certain sex, it is the main component in expression system. In this paper, the syntax and semantics of similar two expression verbs "to, will" as the research object, from the angle of the micro analysis of two expression verbs in the coherent sense of personality and differences. This article first describes the showing familiar expression meaning of "," may emerge sentence, specific analysis of these detailed sentence, and according to the sentence "," expressed the significance, in the familiar manner under the "," to express the meanings of stopped and classification. We found, from the sentence said look down, "to", "will" with a big personality, they can kick now "[body] /) [] /" / "/ [matters]" (such as: you do not listen to advise to repent of. "[]/"), subject to /[] / "matters (such as:" people will die. ) sentences, for details or ordinary discipline sex should be of necessity or to guess; can surge now "[body] / [time] / [matters]" or "[time] / [body] / [matters]" clauses (such as: it's going to rain. ), the significance of the expression of time. Emerge in the above sentence, "to, will" in time all point to the future. At the same time, there are some differences between these two expressions verbs, which emerge in different sentence patterns, and they can be expressed in some special sentences. Based on the classification, we have the basis of ", and the description and verbs ingredients, subject nouns, adverbs, and composition of the co-occurrence restrictions on them are analyzed, not Yacha they in coherent syntactic restrictions on the similarities and differences between, thereby creating them on the nature of the grammatical function of the difference. We found that "to" performance is more familiar with the meaning of the syntactic constraints than the "will". This important said: first of all, and the predicate ingredients have emerged, "to express the static significant, and static verbs, static performance continuous body sign" collocation restrictions, and static end, strong verb collocation frequency is higher than that of free time; secondly, the expression of meaning when "to" relatively free "" restricted, when the sentence that highlights the significance of time the emergence of the Adverb "immediately" or the word "the", the double limit is significant; but "to" the performance of the future time has significant characteristics of the near future; thirdly, in semantic strength. "To be" significantly stronger than the "will", which also limits the "need" and some components, such as the Adverb ", only" at the same time, with the emergence of "to" deny the lack of situation and "V V" is the initial situation; And emotional significance constraints on the "to" is very significant, "to" the object of significant unlucky on the subject, the wording of the semantic bias, which demonstrated the wording of the objectivity of indecent point. In addition, the article also created other talk of the relevant conclusions, trying to comment on the debate "to" express the familiar look and future significance of the approach. 目录: |
