| 本文考核了“把”字句“A把B一VR”中主语A和“把”的宾语B的语义脚色，获得了一个根本的、对于A和B语义脚色分列组合关系的列表。同时，法语论文题目，我们用Dowty（1991）提出的原型施事的“自立性”和“使因性”特点来考核“把”字句主语A，指出不管A和B是何种语义脚色，主语的“使因性”特点是“把”字句成立的需要前提。另外，本文还剖析了“把”字句“A把B一VP”的谓语（VP）的构造，考核了两种最重要的类型动补构造和动宾构造。我们以为，谓语为动补构造的“把”字句“A把B一VR”依照命题构造可以分为双命题和单命题两种。双命题构造“把”字句可以剖析为P1和P2两个命题（以A为施事、B为受事为例，则P1=AVB，P2=BR），且P1和P2是因果关系。此时，对“把”字句宾语的处理成果由补语R来描写。而单命题构造“把”字句不克不及剖析为具有因果关系的两个命题，对“把”字句宾语的处理成果由全部VR构造来描写。谓语为动宾构造的“把”字句“A把B一VC”与谓语为动补构造的“把”字句一样，其根本句式语义都是表现“处理”。我们依据“把”的宾语和动词后宾语的语义脚色分歧，将它们分为6个小类，每一个小类的语义有其本身的特色。同时，我们还指出，谓语为动宾构造的“把”字句也是单命题构造，法语论文，它们不克不及剖析为具有因果关系的两个命题，对“把”的宾语的处理成果由全部VC构造来描写。 Abstract: This paper examines "A BA B VR semantic role" in the subject and the object of "Ba" A B, get a basic, about A and B in combination list of semantic roles. At the same time, we used Dowty (1991) proposed the prototype agent of "self-reliance" and "result" to assess the characteristics of "Ba" A, A and B pointed out that no matter what kind of semantic roles, the subject "due to" is the premise to set up ". In addition, this paper also analyzes the structure of the predicate (VP) of the "A B VP" (), and examines the two most important types of verb complement and verb object structure. We believe that the predicate is the "B" A "" and "VR" according to the proposition can be divided into two propositions and one proposition. Double proposition structure of "Ba" can be analyzed for P1 and P2 two propositions (A agent and B is patient as an example, P1=AVB, P2=BR, P1 and P2) and the causal relationship. At this point, the object of the "Ba" sentence is described by the complement R. And the single proposition structure "the" sentence cannot be analyzed as a causal relationship of the two propositions, "the" sentence object of the processing results from all VR constructs to describe. The "A" "VC" and "B" are the same as the predicate of the predicate as the "Ba" sentence, and the basic sentence meaning of the sentence is "processing"". On the basis of the object of "Ba" and verb object semantic role differences, they are divided into 6 categories, each semantic class has its own characteristics. At the same time, we also point out that the "Ba" sentence of the predicate is a single proposition, and they cannot be analyzed as the two proposition that has a causal relationship. 目录: 致 谢 3-4 摘 要 4-5 Abstract 5 1 绪论 8-11 1.1 问题的提出 8-9 1.1.1 “把”字句的主语和“把”字句的宾语的语义角色 8 1.1.2 A 把B-VP 中VP 的结构及“把”字句的语义诠释 8-9 1.2 理论和措施 9-11 1.2.1 理论 9-10 1.2.2 措施 10-11 2 “把”字句探讨的历史和近况 11-15 2.1 对于“把”字句句法结构的讨论 11-12 2.2 对于“把”字句句式语义的描写 12-13 2.3 对于“把”字句的句法成分及其语义特征的探讨 13-15 3 “把”字句主语的使因性特征 15-34 3.1 A 具有自主性 16-22 3.1.1 A 是施事，B 是受事 16-17 3.1.2 A 是施事，B 是其它语义角色 17-20 3.1.3 A 是有生命施事，B 是A 身体的一部分 20-22 3.2 A 不具有自主性 22-30 3.2.1 A 是无生命施事 22-25 3.2.2 A 是非施事 25-30 3.2.2.1 A 是受事或工具 25-28 3.2.2.2 A 不是动词的语义角色 28-30 3.3 小结 30-34 4 “把”字句的谓语 34-52 4.1 “把”字句的谓语为动补结构 34-42 4.1.1 动补式的单命题结构“把”字句 34-36 4.1.2 动趋式的单命题结构“把”字句 36-42 4.1.3 小结 42 4.2 “把”字句的谓语为动宾结构 42-52 4.2.1 动量宾语和间接宾语 43-44 4.2.1.1 动量宾语 43 4.2.1.2 间接宾语 43-44 4.2.1.3 保留宾语 44 4.2.2 动词带保留宾语的“把”字句句法语义略论 44-50 4.2.2.1 表示“观念性处置”类 44-47 4.2.2.2 表示“失去”意义类 47-48 4.2.2.3 表示“取得”意义类 48-50 4.2.2.4 表示“发挥影响”意义类 50 4.2.3 小结 50-52 5 总结 52 5.1 本文探讨的问题和结论 52-53 5.1.1 对于第三章 52 5.1.2 对于第四章 52-53 5.1.3 对“把”字句结构和语义的认识 53 5.2 本文探讨的创新 53-55 5.2.1 “把”字句主语的使因性特征 53 5.2.2 “把”字句的命题结构 53-54 5.2.3 “把”字句的谓语结构 54-55 参考文献 55 |
