| 人称代词是一切说话中弗成缺乏的构成部门。古代汉语第二人称代词包括两个变体：平称“你”和敬称“您”，古代法语第二人称代词也包括两个变体：正式的“Tu”和非正式的“Vous”。在特定的言语情况中措辞者选用分歧的第二人称代词，注解了外交者两边的关系和措辞者对听者的立场。汉语和法语都存在着外交运动的势力和一致关系，人称代词运用的势位准绳重要表现在第二人称代词上，固然“你”和“您”与“Tu”和“Vous”属于统一称代范畴，其符号意义都是“第二人称”，但它们存在语用和指称差别。本文基于“势力和一致关系”实际分离从社会说话学，文明，语用学这三个方面来研究“你”和“您”和“Tu”和“Vous”。经由过程对这两组第二人称代词的比拟性研究，我们可以分离总结出“你”和“您”和“Tu”和“Vous”的汗青演化过程，剖析出隐蔽在两种说话下的中法两种文明的差别，还可以进一步商量这两组第二人称人称代词在分歧的言语情况和语用请求下的语用变异和指称变异。经由过程比较剖析这两种组第二人称代词的类似点和分歧点，可以扩大我们对第二人称代词的熟悉，加深我们对中法两种文明的懂得，法语论文，法语毕业论文，同时清除汉语和法语互译中的一些误会，进而方便中东方的跨文明交换。 Abstract: The personal pronoun is an integral part of all the talking. Ancient Chinese second person pronouns including two variants: Ping said "you" and the honorific "you", Old French second personal pronouns also includes two variants: a formal "Tu" and informal "vous". In a specific speech situation, the speaker chooses the second person pronoun, which is different from the one side of the diplomatic relations and the speaker's position on the listener. There was the diplomatic movement of forces and the consistency between the Chinese and French, personal pronouns and application potential of a principle of in the second person pronouns, although "you" and "you" and "Tu" and "vous" belong to the same generation category, the symbol meaning is "the second person", but they are pragmatic and referential difference. In this paper, based on the "power and the consistent relationship", the actual separation of the three aspects of social speech science, civilization and pragmatics to study "you" and "you" and "Tu" and "Vous"". Through to the two groups of the second personal pronouns comparison research, we can separation summed up the "you" and "you" and "Tu" and "vous" historical evolution, analysis of the hidden in the two languages of Sino French two civilization differences, can also further discussed the two groups in the second person personal pronouns in different language and pragmatic request of pragmatic variations and variation of reference. Through the comparative analysis of the two pairs of second person pronoun similarities and differences between, can expand we to be familiar with the second personal pronouns, deepen we on Sino French two civilization understand that while clearing some of the misunderstandings of French and Chinese translation, and convenient in the East in the cross-cultural exchanges. 目录: 摘要 4-5 Abstract 5 Chapter 1 Introduction 8-13 1.1 The distinction between the address forms and appellation 8-9 1.2 The knowledge of the personal pronouns 9-11 1.3 The organization of the paper 11-13 Chapter 2 Literature Review 13-19 2.1 The historical evolvements of "Ni" and "Nin" 13-16 2.1.1 The historical evolvements of "Ni" 13-14 2.1.2 The historical evolvements of "Nin" 14-16 2.2 The historical evolvements of "Tu" and "Vous" 16-19 2.2.1. The first period: "Tu" and "Vous" in the old French period 16-17 2.2.2. The second period: the contrary social relationship of "Tu" and "Vous" 17 2.2.3 The third period: the popularity of "Tu" and solidarity social relationship 17-19 Chapter 3 Analysis of "Ni"/ "Nin" and "Tu"/ "Vous" from sociolinguistic perspective 19-28 3.1 Power and solidarity 19-27 3.1.1 The Power and Solidarity in "Ni"/ "Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" 24-27 3.2 Politeness Principle 27-28 Chapter 4 Analysis of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" from cultural perspective 28-36 4.1 The cultural backgrounds of "Ni"/ "Nin" and "Tu"/ "Vous" 28-29 4.2 The cultural differences hiding behind "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"/ "Vous" 29-32 4.3 The using spheres of "Ni"/ "Nin" and "Tu"/ "Vous" 32-34 4.4 The differences between "Ni" and "Nin" as well as "Tu" and "Vous" 34-36 Chapter 5 Analysis of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"/ "Vous" from pragmatic perspective 36-47 5.1 The deixis variation of "Ni"/ "Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" 37-42 5.1.1 The deixis variation of second person pronoun "Ni" 38-39 5.1.2 The deixis variation of second person pronoun "Tu" 39-40 5.1.3 The non-honorific pragmatic principle of "Nin" 40-41 5.1.4 The non-honorific pragmatic principle of "Vous" 41-42 5.2 The use of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" in the social context 42-45 5.2.1 The emotional colors of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" 42-44 5.2.2 The interchangeable use of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" 44-45 5.3 The use of "Ni"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Nin" and "Tu"http://www.qianluntianxia.com/"Vous" in specific speech environment 45-47 Chapter 6 Conclusion 47-50 Bibliography 50-52 Acknowledgements 52 |
