| 本文在后人研究的基本上，经由过程对北年夜汉语语料库（CCL）中现代汉语语料库和古代汉语语料库等子目次与相干作品中罗列的有代表性的例句的考核，运用构造主义说话学、语义功效语法等实际，并参考认知说话学、语法化研究等功效主义的研究办法，从共时剖析、用时演化等几个角度对古代汉语动词“来”停止研究，商量动词“来”在古代汉语中的句法功效、语义特点及其汗青演化，力争归结其语法化形式并运用认知说话学实际说明其语法化的动因与机制。除去引言与结语，本文共分为四章：零引言：归纳综合引见动词“来”的国际外研究现状及本文研究的重要成绩，解释全文的实际基本、研究取向及语料起源。第一章实义动词“来1”的句法语义属性：描述古代汉语中表现其实意义，做谓语的位挪动词“来1”在共时立体的句法功效和语义特点。表现[/位移趋近]意义的实义动词“来1”既可以做举措动词，也能够做性状动词；既可以表现[/空间趋近]意义，又可以表现[/时光趋近]意义和[/心思趋近]意义。第二章趋势动词“来2”的句法语义属性：描述古代汉语中做补语的趋势动词“来2”在共时立体的句法功效和语义特点。用在实义动词后做补语的趋势动词“来2”既可以用在自挪动词后做趋势补语，表现位移趋近；又可以做成果补语，法语论文范文，表现成果义；还可以用在性状动词后做状况补语，表近况况义。“来2”做成果补语时，既可以用在他挪动词后，表现经由位移趋近，人或新事物涌现或发生的成果，又可以用在非位挪动词后，表现有无才能完成或完成某一举措行动；既可以表现详细成果，又可以表现笼统成果；既可以用于普通式，又可以用于能够式。另外，“V来2”构造还可以表现感知、估测义。第三章助动词“来3”及代谓词“来4”的句法语义属性：描述古代汉语中V/VP前助动词“来3”和代谓词“来4”在共时立体的句法功效和语义特点。用在V/VP前的“来”既可所以实义动词“来1”中的举措动词，又可所以助动词“来3”。举措动词“来1”意义其实，动性强；助动词“来3”意义空灵，目标性强，且带有必定的自动性。代谓词“来4”具有[/泛代性]，分为两种情况，一种带有自动性，有增强自动语气的感化；一种不带自动性。第四章动词“来”的语法化及认知说明：经由过程汉语汗青语法考核，评论辩论动词“来”的语法化配景、过程与水平，归纳综合动词“来”的语法化形式；并运用语法化实际和认知说话学实际说明动词“来”演化形式的动因和机制。古代汉语动词“来”的各类用法中，实义动词外部，性状动词由举措动词经由过程转喻和隐喻语法化而来。趋势动词由实义动词语法化而来，改变的机制异样是转喻和隐喻。VP前助动词则是由实义动词经由过程客观化语法化而来。代谓词一部门是由VP前助动词经由过程蕴涵和隐含语法化而来，另外一部门则是经由过程人们语用中的突显和趋简构成。代谓词的语法化水平和笼统水平高于VP前助动词；而VP前助动词和趋势动词的语法化水平和笼统水平高于实义动词。性状动词的语法化水平和笼统水平则高于举措动词。五结语：重要结论及余论。 Abstract: Based on the former researches basically, through the process of the Beijing University of Chinese corpus (CCL) listed in the corpus of modern Chinese and ancient Chinese corpus contents and coherence in the works of the sub representative of the assessment, application of constructivism theory, semantic function grammar and speaking practice, with reference to cognitive linguistics and Grammaticalization. The utilitarian research methods, analysis, several angles with evolution of ancient Chinese verb "to study" from the synchronic, discuss the verb "Lai" features and history of semantic and syntactic functions, in ancient Chinese evolution, and strive to summarize its grammaticalization form and application of cognitive linguistics shows that the actual cause and mechanism of its grammar the. Besides the introduction and conclusion. This paper is divided into into four chapters: Chapter 0: inductive comprehensive introduction of the verb "to" the international research status and the research of important achievements, full text interpretation theory, research approach and data origin. The first chapter is the syntactic and semantic properties of the verb "come to 1": a description of the meaning of the ancient Chinese, the verb "to 1" in the verb "to" in synchronic and three-dimensional syntactic functions and semantic features. Performance [/ displacement reaching meaning of the verb "to 1" can do action verbs, can also make character verb; can show / the space reaching significance, and may display the [/ time reaching] and [mind reaching significance. The second chapter: the syntactic and semantic properties of the verb "come to 2": the syntactic function and semantic feature of the verb "to 2" in ancient chinese. Used in the true meaning of the verb do complement the trend verb "to 2" can used in self move verb trends complement, reaching performance in displacement; and result complement, as the fruit of righteousness; can also be used after the character verb complement, performance of righteousness. "To 2" results complement can used in his move, performance via the displacement approach, or the emergence of new things or results and used in non moving words and expression to finish or complete a move action; can be expressed with results and general results of performance; not only can be used in ordinary type, and can be used to type. In addition, the "V to 2" structure can also show the sense of perception, estimation of meaning. The third chapter auxiliary verb "to 3" and "to 4" of the predicate "to" of the syntax semantic properties: the description of the ancient Chinese in the V/VP before the verb "to 3" and "to 4" in a total of three dimensional syntactic functions and semantic features. Used in front of the V/VP "" can be the verb "to 1" action verbs, and so the auxiliary verb "to 3". Action verbs "to 1" in fact, the strong; auxiliary verb "to 3" meaning emptiness, the target is strong with must be automatic. On behalf of the predicate "to 4" with [pan generation], is divided into two cases, a with automatic and enhance the action of automatic tone; a without automatic. Chapter four of the verb "to" the grammaticalization and cognitive explanation: through process of Chinese historical grammar check, comments debate verb "to" grammaticalization background, process and level, induces the verbs "to" formal syntax; and application of grammaticalization and cognitive learning to speak practical illustration verb "to" evolution forms of motivation and mechanism. In the ancient Chinese verb "come" in all kinds of usage, the real meaning of the verb is external, the character verb by the action verbs through the process of metonymy and metaphor. The tendency verb is changed from the syntax of the verb, and the mechanism of the change is the same as the metonymy and metaphor. VP the former auxiliary verb is to be made by the fact that the verb is objective through the process of grammar. A sector of the predicate verb is composed of VP pre auxiliary verbs, which are implied and implied by the process, and the other part is formed by the prominence and simplification of the people in the process of pragmatics. The grammatical level and general level of the predicate verbs are higher than that of the VP auxiliary verbs, and the grammatical and general level of the former auxiliary verbs and the tendency verbs are higher than those of the VP. The grammatical level and general level of the character verbs are higher than those of the action verbs. Five conclusion: important conclusions and the rest of the theory. 目录: |
