| 本文在转换生成语法的实际框架下比拟了英语和法语疑问句在逻辑情势、句法构造方面的差异。作者旨在经由过程比拟，解释两种疑问句的生成能否相符广泛语法（UG）。文章起首论述了相干的实际，包含领域实际、X一bar实际、核对实际、中间语移位及算子移位实际。然后在这些实际的框架之下，经由过程分组比较，具体比拟英语和法语中的各类疑问句。其比较进程是分组、句子构造剖析（含核对）、最初找出差异。比拟后发明，它们的配合点有两种说话中的普通疑问句、特别疑问句及选择疑问句具有类似的逻辑构造情势；英语和法语的疑问句情势均存在中间语移位、算子移位及疑问词不挪动的景象；英语和法语中均有反响问句；招致两种疑问词移位的语法机制是雷同的；它们都可以在最简计划框架下停止核对。其分歧点有法语的普通疑问句与晚期古代英语的特点雷同，即强势动词直接移位到句首组成普通疑问句；法语中普通疑问句的组成情势比英语庞杂；英语中存在反意疑问句及各类变更情势，而法语中没有这类疑问句，只要，n’est一ce pas一种。在最简计划的框架下比拟这两种分歧说话中疑问句的差异后发明，虽然还有个例未能说明清晰，但其生成的机制是类似的，是根本相符人的认知才能的。 Abstract: In this paper, we compare the similarities and differences between English and French Interrogative Sentences in terms of logical form and syntactic structure in the practical framework of transformational generative grammar. The aim of the author is to explain the formation of two types of interrogative sentences in the course of a wide range of grammar (UG). The article first discusses the coherent reality, including the actual field, bar a X actual, check the actual, intermediate language shift and operator shift the actual. And then in the framework of these actual, through the process of grouping comparison, the specific comparison of English and French in various types of questions. The comparison process is the grouping, sentence structure analysis (including check), initially identify the similarities and differences. Match after the invention, their cooperation has two to speak the question sentences, special question sentence and interrogative sentence has the similar logic structure situation; interrogative sentences in English and French situation there are intermediate language shift, shift operator and interrogative words without moving the scene; English and French have repercussions question; cause of two wh movement of grammatical mechanism is the same; they are all in the framework of the minimalist program stop check. The bifurcation point are French the common questions and late old English characteristics identical, namely the strong verbs shift to the sentence initial composition of ordinary interrogatives; French general interrogative sentence composition situation than complex language; English in disjunctive questions and all kinds of rebus sic stantibus, and French no this kind of question, as long as n 'est a CE pas. Under the framework of the minimalist program compared the two different languages in the similarities and differences of the interrogative sentence after the invention of, although there are cases failed to clear instructions, but its formation mechanism is similar, is fundamentally consistent with people's cognitive ability. 目录: Acknowledgements 5-6 Abstract 6 中文摘要 7-8 前言 8-17 Chapter 1 Introduction 17-20 1.1 The Reason for and the Significance of this Topic 17-18 1.2 The Structure of this Thesis 18-20 Chapter 2 Theoretical Basis 20-37 2.1 Category Theory 20-21 2.2 X-bar Theory 21-25 2.3 Checking theory 25-29 2.4 Head Movement and Operator Movement 29-37 2.4.1 Head Movement 29-32 2.4.2 Operator Movement 32-37 Chapter 3 The Comparison of General Questions 37-46 3.1 The Formation 37 3.2 Comparison of Questions with "Do" 37-41 3.3 Comparison of Questions with Non-operators 41-42 3.4 Comparison of Questions with Operator "Be" as Copula 42-43 3.5 Comparison of Questions with Operator "Be" as Aux. Verb 43-46 Chapter 4 The Comparison of Special Questions 46-53 4.1 The Formation 46-47 4.2 Comparison of Questions with a Single Wh-word 47-50 4.3 Comparison of Questions with the Wh-phrase 50-51 4.4 Comparison of Questions with Wh-operator as Object 51 4.5 Comparison of Questions with Wh-operator as Subject 51-53 Chapter 5 The Comparison of Alternative Questions 53-55 Chapter 6 The Comparison of "Tag" Questions 55-59 Chapter 7 Conclusion 59-60 References 60-61 |
