| 法国1789年年夜反动为学院带来了主要的改变，它跟着教会、君主制所代表的旧轨制被撤消，尔后又阅历的从新设立。学院作为对汗青上传统和标准的保卫者，它弗成难免的具有滞后守旧性，但在详细实行教导的画室里，传承绘画技法的同时，正酝酿着天然的变更。学院导师传授的绘画理念正组成学院古典主义以外“反学院”绘画的基本。君主制被颠覆后，十九世纪上半叶当局频仍更替的社会情况下，艺术弗成防止的成为当局构构建权力的有益对象。这时候十7、十八世纪那种皇权与学院之间单一的定制链条曾经不复存在。当局的权宜选择，恰好勉励了学院以外正在生长的浪漫主义、巴比松画派和折衷主义艺术家。在当局的资助下，艺术家进退学院不再如曩昔一样具有光荣魅力。年夜反动以后法国的生涯简直全盘政治化，幻想社会主义、共和主义、无当局主义等社会实际出现，艺术作风和政治的等式开端生成，艺术批驳将思惟界对社会、汗青、宗教和文明的思虑转译到绘画中，法语论文范文，沿用至今的“前卫”不雅念被提出来。“学院主义”与“前卫”的争辩自十九世纪二十年月开端愈见张力，法语论文网站，“反学院”自此成为全部十九世纪保守艺术批驳的基调，这也为学院以外自力艺术作风的成长供给了实际支持。如斯在当局和言论的两重压力下，学院开端回收部门自力的艺术家，但不管若何，它的辉煌曾经散去。本文将以此为根本线索，第一章以十九世纪上半叶法国粹院体系详细传授措施作为切入点，剖析学院体系对自力艺术作风的作用；第二章落第三章联合官方战略和艺术批驳出现十九世纪上半叶法国粹院的处境。 Abstract: France in 1789, the eve of the reactionary college brought major changes and it followed church, monarchy, on behalf of the old rail system was withdrawn later experience from the newly created. College as defenders of the historical traditions and standards, it Eph into inevitable has hysteresis conservative, but in the detail teaching studio, inheritance painting techniques at the same time, is brewing in the natural change. The painting idea of the College Tutor is the basic of the "anti school" painting outside the school of classical doctrine. The overthrow of the monarchy, the 19th century half leaf authorities frequent change of social circumstances, art Eph into prevent become authorities construction power useful objects. Between 7 and eighteenth Century ten this kind of imperial power and single chain customization, has ceased to exist. Authorities expedient choice, just encouragement beyond the academy is the growth of romanticism, Barbizon and eclectic artist. In government funding, such as the past artists retreat schools no longer has the same glorious charm. After the eve of the reactionary France's career almost completely politicized, utopian socialism and republicanism, no authority doctrine etc. social practice, art style and political equality beginning generation, art criticism will the circle of thinkers thinking on society, history, religion and culture translation to painting, followed since the "avant garde" concept is proposed. "Academism" and "avant-garde" debate since the beginning of the 19th century the twenties more tension, "anti school has since become the conservative nineteenth century art criticism of the tone, which is beyond the Academy independent artistic style growth supply the practical support. In such a double pressure on the authorities and the speech, the Institute began to recycle the sector independent artists, but no matter how, it's brilliant once dispersed. This paper will take this as the basic clue, the first chapter to the 19th century half leaf of the French Academy system with teaching methods as the breakthrough point, analysis of college system of independent art style influence; in the second chapter, the unsuccessful third chapter co Official Strategy and art criticism 19th century half leaf method quintessence school situation. 目录: 摘要 5-6 Abstract 6 引言 8-12 第一章 作为传统的学院 12-25 第一节 学院系统设置 13-14 第二节 画室课程 14-21 一、浪漫主义的推动者：盖兰和格罗 16-18 二、德拉罗什的折中画室 18-19 三、库图尔的自由画室 19-21 第三节 外光写生风景 21-24 第四节 作为传统的“构图” 24-25 第二章 “官方”与“反学院”同构的变革 25-33 第一节 区分“官方”与“学院主义” 26-27 第二节 复辟时期发展的浪漫主义 27-29 第三节 作为“官方”艺术的折中主义 29-33 第三章 艺术批评中的“前卫”观念 33-41 第一节 圣西门主义“前卫”观念 34-36 第二节 傅立叶主义自由情感观 36-37 第三节 激进共和派的自然现实观 37-41 结语 41-43 参考文献 43-47 图版 47-63 致谢 63 |
