The vocative function texts are different from the two texts above. This function concentrates on "calling on people to do, to think and to feel". It is reader-oriented and the effect of the translation must be evaluated by readers‘ response. Propaganda materials, notices, advertisements , instructions and other persuasive writings all belongs to this category. In view of the linguistic and cultural barriers between languages, it is essential for the translator to recreate the persuasive translation to attract the target readers, and the recreation is one of the major objectives of tourist materials. 2.4 Communicative Translation Apart from the other correspondent classification of textual functions, Newmark puts forward two modes of translation—— semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantic translation is usually applied to technical, literary and scientific text, likewise other contexts where language of the source text is at least as significant as the text. Communicative translation is the one in which "the translator attempts to produce the same effect on the TL readers as was produced by the original on the SL readers". Examples of text-types for this mode of translation would be proper include textbooks, journalist writing, public notices and most non-literary genres. Different from semantic translation, communicative translation is the reader-oriented translation strategy, and adjust well to informative functions. Ⅲ Guide Interpretation 3.1 Definition of Guide Interpretation The occasion Interpretation carriesout on which people who do not share the same language and culture communication. Interpreting is usually taking place in simultaneous modes. As for guide interpreting, it often takes place when foreign visitors are introduced by guide interpreters to a different cultural environment, especially to some new scenic spots or new cultural phenomenon . For example, when foreign visitors go to the Imperial Palace, the tour guides should introduce the whole history of the Forbidden City in target language to the visitors to satisfy their curiosity, not only the construction characteristics, but also the legends passed down generation by generation . In short, Guide-interpreting is an interpreting services provided by the guide-interpreter to the foreign tourists including the oral introductions in target languages refer to travel services, tourist attractions, natural or man-made sceneries, catering culture in travel, and also is an act of cross-cultural communication. 3.2 Objective and Receptors of C-E Guide Interpretation We can gain a conclusion through the definition which has been discussed above that the objective of C-E guide interpretation is supplying tourists information, especially introduce the Chinese culture to overseas visitors. So guide-interpreting is designed for the specific needs of the tourists, and all the factors in guide-interpreting are determined by the specific needs of tourists, that is to say, tourist-oriented is the leading principle in guide-interpreting. So the overseas visitors whom we call them the target receptors are interested in Chinese sceneries and would like to know more about the natural and man-made sceneries of China .So they came to China from different countries to have a journey. During their tour, the guide interpreter should express the relevant legends or historical events about the terminus to those receptors. Actually, the interpreters’ final goal is to make those people get a full and clear understanding .“ 3.3 Characters of C-E Guide Interpretation 3.3.1 Function Characters of C-E Guide Interpretation From overview, the guide interpreters not only want to attract the tourists‘ attention but also intend to convince tourist of the goodliness of Chinese attractions. With such purposes, the good guide interpretation should be informative, attractive and persuasive 1). Informative informative effect ,the primary effect of interpretation, means guide interpretation should provide tourists enough information about their objects, including the historical, cultural or natural value of the attraction which the tourists need. Such information could help visitors form a primary impression. 2) Attractive There is no denying that only informative introduction cannot attract people’s attention successfully. Consequently, guide interpretation should produce excitement, please people physically and psychologically in an attempt to capture visitors‘ attention .that is make attractive effect. 3). Persuasive An appropriate and triumphant interpretation needs to stimulate visitor‘s interest to act , as a result ,to be persuasive is a great important role played by a ideal guide interpretation .Visitor‘s interest and decision are promoted by what they heard from the guide interpreters. |
