| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 1997年亚洲金融危机迸发，十年以后的2017年以美国为首的次贷危机又再一次的涉及全球，列国经济都面对分歧水平的作用，中国和俄罗斯都是从高度集中的筹划经济体系体例转向市场经济体系体例的转轨国度，又分离是渐进式与保守式转轨形式的代表，所以本文拔取这两个国度停止比拟研究。经由过程两国十年间国际进出账户的比拟，剖析两国国际进出的差异，从而总结转型国度经济存在的配合风险，为我国国际进出的改良供给建议和计划。俄罗斯的经济成长程度落伍于中国，现阶段俄罗斯经济的成长依附于其丰硕的动力本钱，国际原油价钱的更改使得俄罗斯的国际进出常常账户顺差常常性的动摇，形成俄国际进出的不稳固。而我国依附本国便宜的休息力和国度政策的培植，积极扩大本国的对外商业，使得国际进出账户中常常账户一向处于顺差状况。因为我国在经济成长的早期依附于高净化、高动力消费的家当来成长对外商业，故现阶段我国应当调剂和优化家当构造。中俄经济成长势头微弱，被誉为“金砖四国”的成员，这解释经济转轨以后，市场经济更有益于经济的成长。然则中国和俄罗斯的国际进出均衡表都存在弊端，中国的国际进出处于双顺差状况，而俄罗斯的国际进出固然是常常账户的顺差和本钱和金融账户的逆差，然则动摇较年夜，这是因为两国经济构造存在不公道的结构形成的。转轨国度因为本身经济基本软弱，在成长中面对捉襟见肘的窘境，应对换整国际进出加以看重。尽人皆知俄罗斯是典范的依附动力带动经济成长的国度，为了增进经济的奔腾，坚持GDP的上升，俄罗斯将本身经济的成长依附于受国际市场作用较年夜的动力行业，而我国在经济成长的早期与俄罗斯的状态类似，将重心放置于高净化、高动力消费的家当。最近几年来固然两国在积极的调剂家当构造，然则仍存在对于高净化、高动力消费家当的依附。从这一点可以解释，因为转轨国度经济基本比拟软弱、迷信技巧程度落伍于蓬勃国度，经济的成长形式仍存在很年夜的不公道身分，俄语论文，故转轨国度应当调剂其经济成长的战略，增长产物的迷信技巧含量，进步产物的附加值，以此应对国际市场价钱更改的冲击。中俄两国的本钱和金融账户具有较强的差别性，中国的本钱金融账户历久存在较年夜水平的顺差，而俄罗斯的本钱金融账户则是逆差状况，重要缘由在于两国的直接投资账户存在较年夜的差距。因为中国国际政局稳固，国民币的汇率坚硬和国度对于外资赐与了超公民待遇，外商在我国的直接投资较年夜，与此同时我国公司因为本身前提不具有、缺乏自立立异的品牌，走出去的力度小，所以我国的直接投资账户存在较年夜的顺差，经由过程剖析我国的国际进出均衡表中直接投资账户存在的成绩，本文再次提出中国公司应当加年夜走出去的方法，公司应当进步本身的才能，同时国度应当在公司走出去的早期赐与培植。对于俄、罗斯而言，则应当加年夜吸引外资的力气以减缓俄罗斯外汇缺乏的状态。俄罗斯对外举借内债的情形比拟严重，每一年都要付出年夜量的美元利钱，且俄罗斯在年夜力举借内债的同时存在本钱的严重外流，这对于俄罗斯来讲袭击是两重的，俄罗斯应当加年夜对于本钱的监管，改良国际的投资情况和金融情况，进而较少和掌握本钱的外流景象，俄语毕业论文，吸引外商到俄罗斯投资，改良俄罗斯本钱金融账户的现状。本文在剖析中国和俄罗斯转型的过程和给两国带来作用的基本上，剖析两国国际进出的差异和这类进出构造对于两国的伤害，进而提出改良和完美我国国际进出的建议和看法。 Abstract: 1997 Asian financial crisis burst, ten years later in 2017 the United States led the sub loan crisis once again involved the global economy are facing differences in the level of influence, China and Russia are from highly centralized planning economic system to market economic system in transition countries, and separation is a gradual and conservative transition form of representation, so this paper select the two countries to compare the study. Through the ten years of international import and export of the comparison, analysis of the similarities and differences between the two countries in international trade, to sum up the economic existence of the transformation of the country's economic risk, as China's international import and export of the proposed improvements and plans. Russia's economic growth is lagging behind China, Russia's economic growth is dependent on its rich power costs, the international crude oil price change makes the international import and export of the current account surplus often shake, the formation of Russia's international import and export is not stable. And our country depends on the country's cheap labor and national policy, and actively expand its foreign business, making the international import and export of the account has always been in a state of surplus account. Because our country in the economic growth of the early attached to high purification, high power consumption of belongings to the growth of foreign trade, so at the present stage in our country should adjust and optimize the industrial structure. Russia's economic growth momentum is weak, known as the "BRIC" members, which explain the economic transition, the market economy is more conducive to economic growth. But China and Russia's international import and export balance table has drawbacks, China's international import and export in a double surplus situation, and Russia's international import and export of course is often account surplus and capital and financial account deficit, but the big shake, this is because the economic structure of the two countries formed the existence of unreasonable structure. Transition countries because of their basic economic weakness, face stretched in growth in the dilemma to deal with for the whole international import and to be valued. Well-known Russia is model dependent power to drive economic growth the country, in order to promote economic leap, adhere to the GDP rising, Russia will be the economy itself grow attached to a greater impact on the international market of power industry, while in China, the economic growth of the early with Russian state similar, focus is placed on the high purification, high power consumption of possessions. In recent years, although the two countries actively adjust the industrial structure. However, there are still on high pollution, high energy consumption worldly attachment. From this point can be explained, because the transition countries are basically weak economy, science and technology, the economic growth mode is still very large, so the transition countries should adjust their economic growth strategy, the growth of scientific and technical content, increase the added value of products in order to respond to the impact of international market price changes. Has strong difference between China and Russia's capital and financial account, China's capital and financial account long-term existence than the level of the eve of the surplus, while Russia's financial capital account is deficit situation, the important reason is that the two countries of direct investment accounts there is a big gap. As a result, the China international political situation stability, hard RMB exchange rate and the country a foreign grant and the super national treatment, foreign in direct investment of our country is bigger. At the same time Chinese enterprises because of the small premise itself does not have, the lack of independent innovation of the brand, go out the efforts, so China's direct investment accounts exist relatively big surplus, through analysis of China's international import and balance in direct investment account for the presence of the results, this paper put forward again measures Chinese enterprises should be added to the eve of go out, the enterprise shall itself to progress. At the same time, the country should be in the given enterprises to go out early and cultivation. For Russia, Ross, it should increase the strength to attract foreign investment to ease the lack of state of Russia's foreign exchange. Russia's foreign borrowing debt situation is more serious, every year to pay a large amount of dollar interest, and Russia on the eve of the force borrowing debt at the same time have cost the serious outflow, which about Russia attacks is twofold, Russia should add Nianye about capital regulation, improvement of international investment and the financial situation of the, and fewer and cost to master the outflow phenomenon, to attract foreign investors to invest in Russia, improvement of the status of the Russian capital financial account. Based on the analysis of the transformation of China and Russia and the impact on the two countries, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the two countries in international trade and import and the damage to the two countries, and then puts forward suggestions and views on improving and perfect our international import and export. 目录: |
