| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 赫哲族有着悠长漫长的汗青，从传说时期开端，其先平易近肃慎、挹娄、勿吉、靺鞨和女真就生息繁衍在黑龙江流域，俄国人将沿黑龙江以北和乌苏里江以东栖身的赫愚人称作“果尔特人”，十月反动后，苏联称其为那乃人，而中国却一向沿用汗青上的赫哲之称。 在19世纪中前期赫哲族和那乃人的崇奉、文明等各个方面逐步涌现了差别，乃至年夜相径庭，是以对这些成绩停止深刻的比拟研究是非常具有实际意义的，可以或许更好的指点赫哲族和那乃人将来的成长途径；更深刻的懂得赫哲族和那乃人在宗教崇奉上存在的差异，进而更有益于二者的沟通来往；有助于提醒全部黑龙江流域土著居平易近的社会成长纪律，属于小平易近族年夜成绩领域。 基于此，本文从三个方面临赫哲族和那乃人崇奉萨满教情形停止研究 第一部门说明了选题意义、国际外研究静态和研究办法。今朝国际外学者对于赫哲族、那乃人的研究比拟凸起，然则，我国粹者的研究多重视于地域史、区域平易近族史、族野史、平易近族关系史、平易近族志的研究，缺乏多学科的综合比拟研究；而且，历久以来有关赫哲族、那乃人的研究多局限于本国境内，对于境外那乃人的研究则触及较少。本文总结国际外以往的研究结果，运用汗青学、宗教授教养、文明人类学、平易近族学的研究实际与办法，对赫哲族和那乃人的萨满教崇奉及其文明特色，停止综合比拟研究。特殊是依据本身的特点，年夜量翻译运用俄文文献停止研究，构成超出以往仅用华文材料、疏忽俄文文献而研究该成绩的研究特色。 第二部门具体引见了黑龙江流域的地舆、汗青概略，俄语论文，对满—通古斯语族、赫哲族和那乃人的构成、成长停止了论述。满—通古斯诸平易近族具有着丰硕的物资和精力文明，俄语论文题目，赫哲族、那乃人作为满—通古斯语族的一员，在饮食、服装、修建、交通运输对象、临盆生涯措施等物资文明，和在宗教崇奉、文学艺术等精力文明方面具有显著的配合性，同时，因为散布地区、天然情况等前提的限制，两者又或多或少的与这些平易近族存在文明方面的差别，本文评论辩论的萨满教崇奉成绩既是这些平易近族所配合具有的精力文明，个中的一些表示情势和内在亦各具特点。 第三部门重点对赫哲族和那乃人崇奉萨满教情形停止比拟研究，从两者对神的熟悉、对魂魄的熟悉、对萨满文明的熟悉、信仰萨满教特色等几个方面停止研究，论述了两者崇奉萨满教的差异，特别是两者在魂魄不雅、宗教不雅、成长过程、成长水平等方面的分歧，并剖析了分歧之缘由。 Abstract: Hezhe nationality has a long long history, legend period from the beginning, its plain near the Sushen, yilou, Wuji, Mohe and Jurchen live and multiply in the Heilongjiang River Valley, the Russians will along the Heilongjiang to fool of North and Ussuri River east of the shelter of the Hittites called "oxyfluorfen special people", after the October Revolution, the Soviet Union said the as Nanai people, while China has always followed the history of Hezhen said. In 19th century early Hezhen and Nanai people of faith, culture and other aspects of gradual emergence of the difference, and the eve of the different is to stop these achievements deep comparison research is very practical significance, may better guidance of Hezhe Nationality and that but the growth path; difference of the more profound understand Hezhen and Nanai people exist in the religion and more beneficial to travel the second communication, help to remind all Heilongjiang Basin indigenous population civilian society growing discipline, belongs to a small plain near family of the eve of the achievements in the field. Based on this, this paper from the three aspects of Pro Hezhen nationality and Nanai people faith Shamanism stop research. The first part illustrates the significance of the topic, international research static and research methods. Current domestic and foreign scholars on Hezhe and Nanai people study comparing raised. However, I the quintessence of Chinese culture research pay much attention to the to regional history, regional plain near family history, family unofficial history, plain near family history, plain near ethnographic research, lack of multidisciplinary comprehensive comparative study; and long-term since the Hezhen nationality, that but the research is limited in its territory, on overseas Nanai people research is less involved. This paper summarized the previous research results, application of sweat Seigaku, religious teach parenting, cultural anthropology, plain near family research theory and methods, of Hezhen and Nanai people of Shamanism belief and cultural characteristics, a comprehensive comparative study. Special is according to the characteristics of itself, large amount of Applied Translation of Russian literature research, which exceeded only in the past Chinese writing materials, negligence of Russian literature and discussion of the results of research characteristics. The second part in detail introduced the Heilongjiang River geographical, historical sketch, of Manchu Tungusic language group, Hezhen and Nanai people composition, growth has carried on the elaboration. Manchu - Tungusic peoples with the rich material and spiritual civilization, Hezhen and Nanai people as full a member of the Tungusic languages, in the diet, clothing, construction, transport object and give birth to career method of material civilization, and in religion, literature, art and other spiritual civilization has significant with. At the same time, because of the limited geographical distribution, natural and so on the premise of two and more or less with these ethnic groups exist cultural differences, this article reviews the debate of Shamanism belief result is these peoples with combined with spiritual civilization, medium of some said situation and internal also have their own characteristics. The third sector focus of Hezhen and Nanai people believe in Shamanism situation to carry on the comparison research, from both the God familiar, familiar to the soul, the Shaman culture familiar, Shamanism features several aspects to carry on the research, discusses the similarities and differences between the two beliefs Shamanism, especially both in soul, indecent religious indecent, growth process and growth level differences, and analyzes the reasons for the differences. 目录: |
