Southwest China and Russia agricultural exchange after 300 years of wind and rain process, before and after the three upsurges, suspended twice, extreme pathways broad road. Where agricultural exchange contains the exchange (ready to eat food, animal, soya bean, tea and other agricultural products business), also contains people and technology exchange (southwest China introduced exchange visits Russia agricultural and livestock rogue and advanced agricultural machinery, on both sides of the agricultural science and technology personnel, signed a research project in collaboration, mutual species exchange capital, learn from each other skills in agriculture, etc.). Before the founding of new China, on both sides of the agricultural exchange in the exchange of things mainly; founding in the future, both sides of the agricultural exchange business and technology exchange simultaneously situation occurs. China and Russia is not the neighbors, Russia originally at Europe, and China are very far apart, just as Russia continuously the enlargement to the East, only the beginning and the junction, and the violations of the tentacles of Southwest China Heilongjiang region each other with exchange can. 1689 Sino Russian Nerchinsk contract "signed in peer to peer of Southwest China and Russia began traveling to and from the formal" trade "business. After the opium war tsarist Russia forced the Qing authorities before and after concluding Sino Russian aigun contract "and" Beijing contract ", cut for Heilongjiang to the north, the Wusuli River east of 100 million square kilometers of China's land, the land from the signing of the contract for new friends and unyielding to southwest China and Russia's agricultural industry exchange properties by peer change of unyielding, where the business also contributed to Heilongjiang to the north, Wusuli River to the east along the border region and the Songhua river sea area. In food, animal fur, animal product business at the same time, the bell when wheat and other Russian cabbage species to Chinese. This era because of immigration policy and the Qing government site of the toleration of graft in the Russian Far East, on both sides of the agricultural exchange to obtain the initial growth. Along with the construction of the railway in the Middle East, Russian Far East region of immigration increases ceaselessly, serious lack of all kinds of agricultural products, demand rapid expansion and in the southwest region of China become the Russian Far East agricultural product supply base, at the same time, commercial comfort southwest agricultural economic growth and migrants increase, on both sides of the agricultural exchange entering the era of rapid growth. Output of this era in southwestern China Russia an important agricultural products have big beans, food and livestock, Russia in Southwest China also founded all kinds of agricultural and livestock products processing industry. At the same time, because of the expansion of China's southwest and Russian Far East tea business, Chinese tea skills introduced to russia. From the Russian Far East was introduced into agricultural new varieties and crop China some Russia or other countries. After the Russian October Revolution to the people's Republic of China prior to the establishment, Southwest China and the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union agricultural exchange bending growth trend. Affected by the October revolution in Russia, and Russia, the Soviet Union Chinese southwest agricultural trade has been weakened, but a large number of Russians fled to the southwest caused by agriculture and farm machinery is mixed enhance skills on both sides of the exchange; in 1931 the Japanese mobilization "9.18" matters, complete China become Japanese imperialism southwest colony, economic relations Chinese southwest and the Soviet Union suddenly shrink initially stagnant away; war of liberation era, southwest bound region by repeatedly negotiate with the Soviet Union to bribe business door, 1946 - before and after 1949 with Sudan signed the three export of agricultural products business contracts, daily products, agricultural and sideline products in exchange for military needs, thereby enhancing the southwest bound region economic growth as the basic foundation, bound. Founding early (i.e. Sino Soviet relations from 1949 to 1961 break), Southwest China and the Soviet Union agricultural exchange is under the specific historical background, because the eastern capitalist countries of containment and closed, our authorities only uses the communication policy of "leaning to one side", with the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries to stop business contacts and science and technology cooperation. Authorities in the two countries signed the "Sino Soviet friendly cooperation alliance contract" under the guidance, on both sides of the agricultural exchange subsequently entered the Pentium type growth of the golden age. Southwest China to Soviet input a large number of excellent agricultural products. At the same time, the introduction livestock rogue in the Soviet Union for agricultural and livestock species hybridization breeding provided, the introduction of agricultural machinery for Agricultural Mechanization in China to complete the localization of a foundation. On both sides of the personnel exchange, the Soviet experts to our sponsor support public farm, technical guidance, China commanded hand kill left Mr. to study in the Soviet Union. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, China's rural implementation of the household contract responsibility system, agricultural production won the rapid development, while transforming the open policy also for Southwest China and Russia agricultural exchange and cooperation provided the convenient condition. This period in Southwest China and Russian agriculture exchange to obtain more stable and comprehensive development period, an important performance in: Agricultural Science and technology exchange and cooperation, agricultural science and technology personnel exchange and mutual visits, agricultural economic and technological exchange and cooperation, agricultural product commercial aspects. On the whole, more than 300 years of agricultural exchange in Southwest China and Russia has the characteristics of continuity, the international market control and the inevitable. Agricultural exchanges on both sides of the effectiveness of obvious, whether it is a business of agricultural science and technology and personnel exchanges, all of the different historical stages of Sino Russian economic and social development has played a positive 目录: |
