| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 18世纪中叶一19世纪中叶是俄国封建农奴制存在的最初阶段。商品泉币经济的成长使农奴制处于总危机状况。这一时代欧俄农人农业临盆技巧没有产生基本性转变，加上天然气象地舆前提身分的作用，农业临盆仍然异常落伍。但因为社会休息分工的成长，城乡完全分别，经济区域化的构成，商品泉币关系的成长，欧俄农人经济产生了明显变更。这些变更重要表示为三个方面一是，俄语论文范文，俄国田主面对有益的国际外市场前提，减轻了对农人的盘剥，导致农人经济状态和位置赓续好转。农人与田主抵触日趋加重，农人对抗的海潮一浪高过一浪。二是，跟着商品泉币关系的成长和俄国本钱主义身分的增加，欧俄农人经济一改以往绝对与世隔断、自给自足的经济状况，增强了与市场的接洽。三是，农人分化的加重。有的农人购置地盘成为地盘一切者，这曾经成为比拟广泛的景象；农人外出打工经商，从事各类其它职业加重了农人的分化。俄国乡村随处都涌现了各类分歧的变更。但这类提高是以宽大农人经济状态和位置的好转为价值的，只要多数农人位置改良。打工经商农人与商品泉币经济的成长及城市化过程接洽亲密。因为欧俄乡村社会构造的特色，宽大农人难以解脱封建关系的约束，农人分化水平无限，城市化过程受阻。在农人经济产生上述变更的前提下，农人争夺权益的奋斗日趋低落。18世纪中叶一19世纪中叶，俄国历代沙皇都对农人、农人经济停止了多方面、水平分歧的政策调剂或许改造，但每次调剂或改造都没法从基本上转变固有的局势，社会抵触加倍激化。农奴制约束曾经成为俄国经济成长和社会提高的严重妨碍，俄语论文题目，对农人、农人经济停止基本性的改造，破除农奴制已经是汗青的必定。 Abstract: In the middle of the nineteenth Century, the middle of the eighteenth Century was the initial stage of the existence of the feudal system in Russia. The economic growth of commodity spring makes the total crisis situation of the system of the. The era of European Russia farmer agriculture techniques did not produce fundamental change, plus natural meteorological geographical condition is the identity of the influence, agriculture abnormality remained behind. But because of the growth of social division of labor, urban and rural completely respectively, the composition of the regional economy, growth of the relationship between commodity and currency, the farmers economy of European Russia produced change significantly. These changes represented as three aspects: one is that Russian landowner in the face of beneficial international market conditions, reduce the exploitation of farmers, lead farmers economic status and position continuously improved. The farmer and the conflict is becoming more and more serious, the farmers against the tide one wave. Second, followed by an increase in the growth of the commodity currency relationship and Russian capitalism identity, European Russia farmer economy changed past absolute was cut off from the world, self-sufficient economy, enhance the contact with the market. Three, increase farmer differentiation. Some farmers purchase site become all the site. This has become a relatively wide scene; farmers go out to work, doing business and engaged in various other occupations increases the farmer's differentiation. All kinds of differences have emerged in the countryside of Russia. But this kind of improvement to the economic status and location of the improvement for the value of the large farmers, as long as the majority of farmers improved position. The growth of city and farmers to work in business and commodity currency economy of close contact. Because of the characteristics of rural social structure in Europe and Russia, broad farmer difficult to get rid of the feudal relationship constraints, unlimited level of farmers differentiation and the urbanization process blocked. In the premise of the change of farmer economy, farmer rights struggle for declining. In the middle of the 18th century the middle of the 19th century, Russian Czars are farmers, the farmers economy stopped the policy adjustment of the multi aspect and different level may change, but every time to adjust or reform can't fundamentally change inherent in the situation, the social conflict double intensified. Serfdom constraint has become the Russian economic growth and social progress, a major obstacle, the farmer, the farmer economic stop fundamental transformation, get rid of serfdom is a historical necessity. 目录: 摘要 4-5 Abstract 5 引言 8-23 一、国内外探讨状况综述 8-15 二、选题意义 15-16 三、基本概念的限定 16-21 四、本文的主要任务 21-23 一、欧俄农村的社会状况 23-34 （一） 封建经济结构的演变 23-26 （二） 新的资本主义生产的萌芽 26-31 （三） 农奴制对欧俄经济的作用 31-34 二、欧俄农民的农业生产 34-47 （一） 农民种植业生产的基本特点 34-40 （二） 农民种植业的生产状况 40-43 （三） 农民的饲养业与园艺业 43-47 三、欧俄农民的封建负担 47-61 （一） 封建义务的种类及其变化 47-49 （二） 农民受剥削的程度 49-56 （三） 农民义务的变化对农民经济发展产生的作用 56-61 四、欧俄农民与市场 61-76 （一） 农民与市场联系加强的原因 61-63 （二） 农民商品性农业生产的加强 63-66 （三） 农民手工业产品商品化的加强 66-69 （四） 经商农民 69-76 五、欧俄农民的分化 76-91 （一） 农民土地所有制的加强 76-79 （二） 外出打工农民 79-85 （三） 农民分化的三个阶段 85-91 六、欧俄农民的反抗运动 91-106 （一） 农民反抗运动不断高涨的原因 91-96 （二） 农民反抗运动的特点 96-102 （三） 农民反抗运动的作用 102-106 七、政府农民经济政策的调整 106-115 （一） 农民经济政策调整的原因 106-107 （二） 农民经济政策的松动 107-115 结语 115-117 参考文献 117-123 后记 123-124 在学期间公开论文及作品情况 124 |
