| 摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，俄语论文范文，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。） 马克思早年运用逻辑的剖析办法得出了人类社会汗青成长顺次演进实际,但同时,马克思也留意到了在人类社会成长进程傍边汗青的逾越景象是广泛存在的。十九世纪欧洲年夜反动掉败后,马克思在东方规模内所研究的社会成长实际碰到艰苦,转而将研究的眼光投向了西方社会。他运用实证剖析的研究办法,以俄国公社的成长为例略论了西方社会的特色,经由过程对西方独有的社会性质及成长状态的详细研究,马克思熟悉到在人类社会汗青成长中本钱主义社会成长必经阶段的纪律并不是是原封不动的,也能够涌现逾越式的成长。进而在1883年,马克思指出西方落伍国度可以欠亨过本钱主义轨制的“卡夫丁峡谷”,直接进入到共产主义的成长阶段,即马克思暮年所提出的巨大的逾越实际,马克思的这一研究结果使他的唯物史不雅实际系统获得进一步成长与完美。马克思巨大的逾越实际不只对深化人类社会成长实际具有积极的实际意义,并且对西方落伍国度选择详细的成长途径具有主要的理论意义。20世纪初,俄国成立第一个社会主义国度--苏维埃共和国,等于马克思的逾越实际在理论中的详细表示。俄国反动情势如马克思所述在具有本身乡村公社和内在世界汗青推进的两重前提下,与欧洲反动相互弥补,接过东方堕入沉静的共产主义活动的圣火,并终究使迷信社会主义由实际假想成为实际而登上世界汗青的舞台。以后在苏联的率领下,中国等一批西方国度逾越本钱主义走上社会主义途径的理论,更使马克思的逾越实际具有了广泛意义。实际的逾越本钱主义“卡夫丁峡谷”完成以后的社会主义扶植成绩,马克思并没有做过详细阐述。但马克思的唯物史不雅实际是一个与时俱进的迷信实际系统,可以或许依据详细反动情势的变更而赓续地成长与完美。所以,对于社会主义扶植的成绩,应当联合社会主义国度的详细国情停止处理。苏联和中国本来都是西方落伍的前本钱主义国度,苏联疏忽本身只是在社会“轨制”上完成了逾越而临盆力程度依然落伍的国情,教条地舆解、运用马克思主义实际停止成长扶植,走了一条社会主义扶植的掉败之路。而中国在总结掉败与经验后认清了“本身”,明白了本身本来经由过程逾越停止成长的途径,制订了扶植社会主义低级阶段的准确途径,同时成长了马克思主义社会成长实际,构成了富含马克思的逾越实际意蕴的中国化的马克思主义--中国特点社会主义实际系统。 Abstract: Marx's early application logic analysis method obtained the progressive evolution of the actual growth of the history of the human society, but at the same time, Marx also noted that the human society in growth process Bangbian history beyond sight is widespread. After the defeat of the European Revolution in nineteenth Century, Marx in the east of the scale of the social development of the actual encounter difficult, instead of the research into the western society. He use of empirical analysis research methods, with the growth of Russian commune as an example analysis the characteristics of Western society, through the process of Western unique social nature and state of development of the detailed discussion, Marx familiar to in the human social and historical development in capitalist society development inevitable stage of discipline and not is intact, also can emerge overstep type growth. And then in 1883, Marx pointed out that the western backward countries owe Heng over the capitalist system "Kaftin Canyon", directly into the growth stage of communism, Marx Twilight proposed the great beyond reality, Marx's research resulting in his materialist history actual system to obtain further development and perfect. Marx's great transcendence not only has a positive practical significance for deepening human social development, but also has a major theoretical significance to the development of the western countries. In the early twentieth Century, Russia was founded in the first socialist country, the Soviet Republic, which is equal to the actual representation of Marx's transgression in theory. Russian reactionary situation such as Marx described in is itself rural commune and the internal history of the world to promote the dual premise, and reaction in Europe that complement each other and took the Oriental falling silent Communist activities of flame, and eventually to the scientific socialism by actual imaginary become practical and landed on the history of the world stage. After the leadership of the Soviet Union, China and a number of western countries, such as the theory of western countries to go on the path of socialism, but also to make Marx more than the actual has a wide range of significance. After the completion of the actual beyond capitalism "Crafting Gorge" socialist construction achievements, Marx did not do too elaborate. But Marx's materialist history is actually a timely scientific theory system, may with the reactionary regime change and ceaseless development and perfect basis. Therefore, the achievements of socialist construction should be combined with the specific national conditions of the socialist countries. The Soviet Union and China could have been Western outdated pre capitalist country, the negligence of the Soviet Union itself just in society "track system completed the Passover and productivity level is still lagging behind the situation, dogmatic understanding, application of Marxist practical stop growing support, go a socialism builds off the defeat of the road. And China in summary off failure and experience to identify the "per se", understand the itself via beyond ceases to grow means, formulate the accurate way to foster socialist elementary stage, at the same time, the growth of the Marxism social development actual, constitute the rich Marx beyond the actual meaning of Chinese Marxism, socialism with Chinese characteristics of the actual system. 目录: |
